A catalogue for advanced collectors of postage stamps, stamped envelopes and wrappers;

A CATALOGUE

—T’OEt-

.Js ■ ■ ■

-o:P-

:va;:postaGB 'STAMI§,,A : a : ,

— ■ SMPEi) ENVEU^

COMPILED from the most P^JICENT authorities
: AND INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH ^

. —BY— ■

. H Collin AND Henry L. Calman«

pjlrt III.

:> ■•-■-A:

Costa maa—Frartce.

-A. .

'■? . . * •

'.••A;-'

;-L’Av'' New York: " ~ ,• .

THE SCOTT STAMP AND COIN CO., LIMITED.

, j8 East 2 31) Street,

Entered according -to, Act of Congress iii the Y^aj i8ox by_THE ScOTi' Sxamp & Coin Co., I.imIteo.

COSTA RICA.

147

Perforated 12.

27 ic red (P. Fernandez).

28 5c brown (B. Soto).
i88g.

Engraved in taille douce on white wove
paper. Size 2i)4x26)^mm.

Perforated 14

29

IC brown

30

2c dark green

■31

5c orange

32

IOC red brown

33

20c sea green

34

5p olive green

2" Perforated 15.

35

IC brown

36

2c dark green

37

5c orange

38

IOC red brown

39

20c sea green

40

50c rose

41

ip blue

42

2p violet

43

I op black

REVENUES USED FOR POSTAGE.

1881.

Engraved in taille douce on white wove
paper. Size 20j^x25)^mm.

Perforated 12,.

101 IC red

102 2c blue

1889,

Same printing and paper as preceding
issue. Size 2ix26)4inm.

Perforated 12.

103 5c brown

104 IOC blue

OFFICIAL STAMPS.

1883-85.

Regular issues of same date „ . .

surcharged horizontally. OllClSll

Perforated 12.

1 51 IC green, red surcharge

152 2c carmine, blue “

153 5c purple, red “

154 IOC orange, green “

155 40c blue, red “

156 IC green, black “ (1885)

157 2c carmine, black “ “

1886.

Regular issues of 1883 surcharged horizon¬
tally.

Perforated 12.

1“ OFICIAL

158 IC green, black surcharge

159 2c carmine, “ “

160 5c purple, red surcharge

161 IOC orange, black “

2» OFICIAL

162 ic green, black surcharge

163 2c carmine, “ “

164 5c purple, red “

165 IOC orange, black “

3o Oficial

166 5c purple, black surcharge

167 IOC orange, “ “

1887.

Regular issues of 1883 and 1887 surcharged

horizontally oficial, in black.

Perforated 12.

168 IC green

169 2C carmine

Gift of

GEORGE T TURNER

148

COSTA RICA.

170 5c purple

171 5c “ (1887 issue)

172 IOC orange.

173 IOC “ (1887 issue)

174 40c blue

Varieties: OFICAL instead of OFICIAL.

175 5c purple (1887 issue)

1 76 40c blue

1889.

Regular issues of same date surcharged

horizontally QPIQI/vL in black,

I® Perforated 14.

177 ic brown

178 2c dark green

179 IOC red brown

2“ Perforated 15.

180 sc orange

181 20c sea green

182 50c rose

ENVELOPES.

August 1890.

Embossed on white wove paper. Stamp
in upper right corner.

Size I

303

304

WRAPPERS.

August 1890.

Lithographed on manila paper. Stamp to
the right.

Size 127x380mm.

401 2c green

COUNTERFEITS.

All the forgeries of the first issue, that we know of, are lithographed, while the genuine stamps are steel
engraved, making it quite easy to distinguish them.

Very soon after the appearance of the stamps of 1883, an Englishman, named Ross, purchased all the
remainder of the stamps remaining in the hands of government. He found, however, that there was no stock
of the surcharged stamps of 1881 and 1882, and as he had relied upon these, in great measure, for his
profit, he requested the government to have a number of the 1863 issue surcharged, and with the usual com¬
placency of Spanish American governments his request was not denied. However, when the order to
surcharge was given to the government printer, he had forgotten the style of type which he had used be¬
fore, and the annexed engraving will show how accurate his memory was. At the same time, Mr. Ross
induced the printer to place the surcharge “Oficial” on a number of the stamps of the issue of 1863,
and as a result of these various pleasantries of Mr. Ross and the government officials, we have'the following
surcharges ;

Surcharged OFICIAL.

% real, blue, red surcharge,

2 reales, vermilion, black surcharge.

4 “ green, red “

I peso, orange, black “

5

CtS.

Surcharged with new value, as per cut.

IC on Yz real, blue, red surcharge.

2c on ^ “ “ “ “

5c on 3^ “ “ “ “

IOC on 2 reales, vermilion, black surcharge.

20c on 4 “ green, red surcharge

As these surcharges were made sometime after the genuine provisionals had gone out of use, whether
authorized by the government or no, they are to be classed with the rankest frauds.

June 15th, 1886.

Lithographed on white laid paper. Stamp
in upper right corner.

Size 136x79mm.

301 5c blue

302 IOC orange

COSTA RICA— GUANACASTE.

149

When Mr. Ross returned to England he was able to show official documents to prove that he had pur¬
chased his stamps from the government, and most of the English dealers were deceived. However, the
history of these stamps has been so thoroughly ventilated, that there cannot be any excuse for any dealer
who sells them now.

Guanaoa$te.

A special discount of 6 per cent is allowed on the sales of stamps in this province, and in. order
to prevent the use, in other parts of the Republic, of the stamps sold at this rate, they are surcharged
“Guanacaste,”

1884. Costa Rica stamps of the 1883
issue surcharged in various types and colors.
Perforated 12.

1° Surcharged horizontally :

Guanacaste

a. Black surcharge.

1 ic green

2 2c carmine

3 IOC orange

Varieties: “Gnanacaste” instead of Guana¬
caste.

3a IC green
3b 2c carmine
3c IOC orange

b. Red surcharge.

4 IC green

5 5c purple

6 40c blue
Varieties:

Surcharge inverted.

7 Tc green

“ Gnanacaste ” instead of Guanacaste,

7a IC green

7b 5c purple

7c 40c blue

2° Surcharged horizontally

Guanacaste

a. Black surcharge.

8 I c green

8a 2C carmine

9 5c purple

10 IOC orange

11 40c blue

b. Red surcharge,

12 5c purple

3“ Surcharged horizontally

Guanacaste

a. Black surcharge.

13 , 2c carmine

14 IOC orange

b. Red surcharge.

15 IC green

16 5c purple

17 40c blue

4“ Surcharged vertically in black

Guanacaste

18 IC green

19 5c purple

20 IOC orange

5° Surcharged vertically in black

Guanacaste

21 5c purple

22 IOC orange

6“ Surcharged vertically in black

GUANACASTE

23 5C purple

24 IOC orange

7° Surcharged vertically in black

GUANAGASTE:

25 5c purple

26 IOC orange

8° Surcharged vertically in black

GUANACASTE

27 5c purple

28 IOC orange

9" Surcharged vertically in black

GUANACASTE

29 5c purple

Surcharges of the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and
8th types come on the same sheet, each
horizontal row being composed of the five
varieties in the following order; the ist stamp
from the left is of type 4 ; the 2d, 3d, and
4th stamps are of type 5 ; the 5th stamp is of
type 6 ; the 6th and 7th stamps are of type 7
and the 8th, gth and loth stamps are of
type 8.

Mr. C. B, Corwin has in his collection a
5c purple surcharge type 8, with additional
surcharge type 4, almost over it, the former
one reading from bottom to top; the only
explanation we can give of the error is that
an entire sheet was originally surcharged
upside down and was immediately corrected
by feeding the sheet properly, thus making
eight varieties of double surcharges as fol¬
lows ;

a. type 4 correct and type 8 inverted.

30 5c purple

b. type 5 correct and type 8 inverted.

31 5 c purple

c. type 5 correct and type 7 inverted,

32 5c purple

d. type 6 correct and type 7 inverted.

33 5c purple

e. type 7 correct and type 6 inverted.

34 5 c purple

f. type 7 correct and type 5 inverted.

35 5c purple

g. type 8 correct and type 5 inverted.

36 5c purple

h. type 8 conect and type 4 inverted,

37 5c purple

1888.

Costa Rica stamps of the 1887 issue sur¬
charged horizontally in black in two types
on the same sheet, one horizontal row being
of one type, and the next row of the
other.

Perforated 12.

.•.,„cb„ged Gnacaste

38 5c purple

2“ surcharged (jyaiiacaste

39 5c purple

1889.

Costa Rica stamps of same date surcharged
horizontally in black in two types.

I" surcharged GUANACASTE

a. Perforated 14.

40 IC brown

41 IOC red brown

b. Perforated 15.

42 2c dark green

15°

COSTA RICA.— GUANACASTE.— CUBA.

43

5c orange

2° Surcharged
a. Perforated 14.

44 ic brown

45 IOC red brown

46 20c sea green

47 5p olive green

b.

48

c.

49

50

51

52
53,
54

Perforated 17^ .

20c seagreen
Perforated 15.

2c dark green
5c orange
20c sea green
50c rose
ip blue
2p violet

REVENUES USED FOR POSTAGE.

1885.

Revenue stamps of Costa Rica surcharged
‘ ‘ Guanacaste” in various types.

Perforated 12.

1° Surcharged vertically in black

Guanacaste

[01 2c blue

20 Surcharged vertically in black

Guanacaste

102 2c blue

3° Surcharged vertically in black

mmm

103 IC red

104 2c blue

4® Surcharged vertically in black

GUANACASTE

105 2c blue

5“ Surcharged horizontally in black

Guanacaste

106 IC red
07 2c blue

CUBA.

Currency: 8 reales plata=ioo centimos =i peso=$i.oo U. S. Currency.
100 CENTESiMOS=i ESCUDO Or PESETA= $0.20 U. S. Currency.

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

January ist, 1855.
Typographed on ribbed
bluish paper, watermarked
loops. Size i8j^x22)4mm.

1 l4r blue green

2 ir bottle green

3 2r carmine red

4 2r orange red

November 19, 1855.

Stamps for use in Havana and vicinity:

2

reales stamps of
issue surcharged in

preceding \ 1

black. * ~r~

4

There are four varieties consisting in the
height of the Y. (Y stands for and

not ant/.)

1“ Y measures 4j^mm. in height.

5 carmine red

2° Y measures 5mm. in height.

0 carmine reel

3“ Y measures 5l^mm. in height.

7 carmine red

Variety : Without bar between i and 4,

8 J^r carmine red

4“ Y measures 5j4lmm. in height.

9 Xi carmine red
10 J^r orange red

1856.

Same type as issue of Jan¬
uary ist, 1855, typographed
on coarse ribbed yellowish
paper, watermarked crossed
lines forming diamonds.

11 y^r blue green

12 >4r yellow green

13 Ki black green

14 ir pale green

15 2r orange red

Almost all catalogues mention a Y on the

2 reales of the 1856 issue ; we have never
seen a genuine specimen, all those shown us
being surcharged on penmarked remainders,
and with the fraudulent type with roman I.

1857.

I® Same as preceding issue typographed
on white wove paper.

16 y^x blue

17 ultramarine

18 ir green

19 ir yellow green

20 2r red

Variety: Pin perforated. (Unofficially.)

21 r blue

2“ Stamps for use in Havana and vicin¬
ity.

2 reales stamp of same date surcharged

YT in black, the Y measuring 5 )4jmm
— in height and 3)4mm in width.
4 There are two varieties in the size
of the I of y.

CUBA.

151

I" I measures i^mm in height, and
the 4 is open.

22 red

2“ 1 measures 2mm in height, and the 4
is open.

23 red

Variety: i inverted.

24 red

The variety with roman I is a fraudulent
surcharge, and is only to be found on the
penmarked .remainders. No specimen with
postal cancellation having been found by
us among a large number of these stamps.

Penmarked remainders of the following
Stamps of the previous issues are to be
found :

1855 ir bottle green
‘ ‘ 2r orange red

1856 2r orange red

1857 yir blue
“ ir green
“ 2r red

Some compilers catalogue such varie¬
ties as CORRFOS, CORRLOS; these are,
however, merely bad Impressions and are not
worthy of cataloguing,

1858.

Counterfeits used postally.

During this year, lithographic counterfeits
of the ^2 and ir on white wove paper were
brought into Cuba in order to defraud the
post office ; large quantities were used before
the fraud was detected.

There are two principal varieties of each
value, one with 73 pearls in the circle (same
number as in the genuine)and the other with
79 pearls ; being lithographed, there are a
number of minor varieties of each kind, how
many is not known exactly, but as many as
12 varieties of the ^r and 3 varieties of the
rr have been found.

I® 73 pearls.

25 J^rblue

26 ir green

2“ 79 pearls.

27 blue

28 ir green

The principal difference between the
genuine and counterfeit, besides the number
of pearls in the 2d variety, lies in the dots in
the four angles, which in the genuine are of
regular size, and in both counterfeits of irre¬
gular size. Besides, being lithographed,
the counterfeits have a different appearance
from the genuine.

1862

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
i834x22^mm.

29 black

1864.

Typographed on colored wove paper. Size
19x2234! mm.

30 }^T black on buff paper

31 Yz^ green on yellowish paper

32 green on rose paper

33 ir blue on salmon paper

34 2r vermilion on flesh paper

35 2r vermilion on rose paper
January 1866.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size

19x2234! mm.

36 5c lilac

37 IOC blue

38 20c green

39 40c rose

End 1866.

34!r of 1864 issue surcharged in black
with date “ 66.”

40 34!r black on buff paper

January 1867.

Same type as issue of January 1866, but
dated “1867,” typographed on white wove
paper.

Perforated 14.

41 5c lilac

42 IOC blue

43 20c green

44 40c rose

Varieties: Unperforated.

45 IOC blue

46 20c green

January 1868.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
i834!x22 mm.

Perforated 14.

47 5c lilac

48 IOC blue

49 20c green

50 40c rose

152

CUBA.

December 1868.

Stamps of preceding issue, surcharged
“ Habilitado por la Nacion ” in black.

Perforated 14.

51 5c lilac and black

52 IOC blue “

53 20c green “

54 40c rose “

January 1869.

Same type as issue of January 1868, but
dated “ 1869 ” and surcharged “ Habilitado
por la Nacion ” in black.

Perforated 14.

55 5 c rose and black

56 IOC brown “

57 20c orange “

58 40c lilac “

April 1869.

Same as preceding issue but unsurcharged.
Perforated 14.

59 5c rose

60 IOC brown

61 20c orange

62 40c lilac

January 1870.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
i8x2IJ^ mm.

Perforated 14.

63 5c blue

64 IOC green

65 20c brown

66 40c rose

Variety ; loc stamp cut diagonally in two,
each half being used as a 5c.

67 5c green (half of loc)

January 1871.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size-
i8>^x2I>^ mm.

Perforated 14.

68 I2c de peseta lilac

69 25c “ blue

70 50c “ green

71 I peseta brown
Varieties : Unperforated.

72 I2C de peseta lilac

73 25c “ blue

74 50c “ green

75 I peseta brown

We consider the unperforated stamps of
this and the following issues to be merely
proofs, none of them having been found in
the Islands. All that are known have
emanated from Madrid where the Cuban
stamps were printed.

1872.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
i8j4x22mm.

Perforated 14.

75a I2C de peseta black (Amadeus)
Variety; Unperforated.

75b 12 de peseta black

This stamp, although intended to be used,
was never placed in circulation.

January 1873.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
18)4*22)^ mm.

Perforated 14.

76 i2)4c de peseta green (Amadeus,)

77 25c “ lilac

78 50c “ brown

79 I peseta red brown
Varieties :

a. I peseta stamps cut diagonally in two,
each half being used as a 50c.

80 50c de peseta red brown(half of I peseta)

b. Unperforated.

81 50c de peseta brown

From 1855 until 1873, all the Cuban stamps
with the exception of the 5c de esc, I2c
and I2)4c de peseta were used in Porto Rico
as well.

January 1874.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
i6}4x21}4 mm.

Perforated 14.

82 I2)4c de peseta brown

83 25c “ blue

84 50c “ lilac

85 I peseta carmine

Variety: Unperforated.

86 I peseta carmine

January 1875.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
i8)4x22mm.

CUBA.

153

lULTRAMAFt ISysl

Perforated 14,

87 I2^c de peseta lilac

88 25c “ blue

8g 50c “ green

go I peseta brown

Varieties :

a. 25c stamps cut diagonally in two, each
half being used as a I2j^c.

gi I2>^cde peseta blue (half of 25c de peseta)

b. Unperforated.

g2 I2)^c de peseta lilac
g3 25c “ blue

g4 50c “ green

January 1876.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
I8|4(x22j4 mm.

Perforated 14.
g5 I2j4c de peso green
g6 25c “ lilac

g7 50c “ blue

g8 I peso black

Va7ieties :

a. 25c stamps cut diagonally in two, each
half being used as a I2j4c.

gg I2)4c de peso lilac (half of 25c de peso)

b. Unperforated.

100 50c de peso blue

101 I peso black

January 1877.

Typographed on white wove papei. Size
i8J4'x22j^ mm.

Perforated 14.

102 IOC de peseta green

103 I2j^c “ lilac

104 25c “ dark green

105 50c “ black

106 I peseta brown

V arieties : U nperforated .

107 I2j^c de peseta lilac

108 25c “ green

log 50c “ black

We do not believe that the loc green of
1877, the IOC rose and 15c red of 1880, the
2c rose of 1881, or the 2j^c blue of 1883,
were ever in actual use.

January 1878.

Same type as preceding issue, dated “1878”
Same impression, size, etc.

Perforated 14,

no 5c de peseta blue

111 IOC “ black

112 I2j4c “ brown

113 25c “ green

114 50c “ dark green

115 I peseta carmine

Varieties: Unperforated.

1 16 5c de peseta blue

1 17 IOC “ black

118 I2j^c “ brown

iig 25c “ green

120 50c “ dark green

121 I peseta carmine

January i87g.

Same as preceding issue, but dated “ i87g.”
Perforated 14.

122 5c de peseta black

123 IOC “ orange

124 I2j^c “ rose

125 25c “ blue

126 50c “ gray

127 I peseta brown

Variety : 50c stamps cut diagonally in two,
each half being used as a 25c.

128 25c de peseta gray (half of 50c de peseta)

January 1880.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
18^x22 mm.

ItSCUBAlSBOB

Perforated 14.

I2g

5c de peseta green

130

IOC ‘

‘ rose

13I

I2'4c

‘ gray

132

15c

‘ red

133

25c

‘ blue

134

50c

‘ brown

135

I peseta bistre

Variety : 25c stamp cut diagonally in two,
each half being used as a I2j4c.

136 I2j^c de peseta blue(half of 25c de peseta)
We catalogue the 15c on the authority of
Messrs. Moens and Evans, the latter, how¬
ever, doubts that the stamp was ever issued.

January 1881.

Typographed on white wove paper.
18X5^22 mm.

IgCUBAlhniHtf

Perforated 14.

137

ic de

peso green

138

2C

‘ ‘ rose

139

2'/2C

“ olive

140

5C

‘ ‘ blue

141

IOC

“ brown

142

20c

‘ ‘ red brown

Size

January 1882,

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
i8}^x22 mm.

CUBA,

IS4

Perforated 14.

143

ic de

peso green
“ red

144

2C

145

2J^C

“ chocolate

146

5c

“ blue

147

IOC

“ bistre

148

20c

red brown

Variety : 5c stamps cut diagonally in two,
each half being used as a 2^c,

149 2)^c de peso blue (half of 5c de peso)

January 1883.

Same t3'pe as preceding issue, same im¬
pression, paper, etc.

Perforated 14.

150 2)^c de peso olive
June 1883.

Stamps of the denominations of 5, 10 and
20c of the 1882 issue surcharged with five
different designs. Three different plates
were made to print these surcharges, the
clichh being those used to print the control
marks on the tickets of the Havana lottery.

Type I. Type II. Type III.

Type IV. Type V.

DIAGRAM OF PLATE I.

5

I

I

I

I

I

r

I

I

I

5

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

5

I

■

I

I

4

4

4

4

4

5

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

5

4

4

4

1

4 1 4

4

4

4

5

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

5

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

5

3

3 j 3

2

2

2

2

2

2

5

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

5

5

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

5

As shown by above diagram, there are
twenty-two stamps each of types I, II, III
and IV., and twelve of type V; type I, II,
III and IV of the 5c stamps have the fig¬

ure in centre punctuated, eleven having a
comma, and seventy seven a period, one of
which is before instead of after the value.
There is no punctuation on the 10 and 20c
stamps.

This plate was used to surcharge the 5, to
and 20c stamps.

DIAGRAM OF PLATE 11.

2

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

2

I

I

I I

I

I

I

I

1

2

I

I

I

r

I

4

4

4

4

2

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

2

4 j 4 j 4 j 4

4 1 4 j 4 j 4 j 3

2

J .

3| 3

3

3 1 3 1 3

3 j 3

3

2I 2

2| 3

3

3

3 j 3

3 j 3 j 3

3

2

3 j 3 j 3 j 2 j ^ j ^

2

2

2

2 j 2

2 j 2 j 2

2

2 j 2

2 2

2

2

2

2

2 j 2

2

2 j 2 j 2

This plate was composed of only four types,
divided as follows; twenty-two each of types
I, III and IV and thirty-four of type II; of
these, thirty are not punctuated, two have a
comma and the remainders a period after the
figure of value.

This plate was used for the 5c stamps only.

DIAGRAM OF PLATE III.

I I

I

'1 '1 '

I 1 I
' 1 '

I I

■

I 1 I 1 I

I 1 I 1 I

I

■1 ■

I

1 1 1 1 I j 1 1 I

I

■1 ■

I I

4 j 4 j 4 j 4 4

4

4

4

4 4

444

4l 4

4

1

4 j 4

4

4

4

4

4 j 4 j 4 j 4

4

4

4 4

3

3| 3

J ,

3 1 3

3

3| 3

3| 3

3

3

3| 3

1

3| 3

3 j 3 j 3 j 3

3

„ 1 J ,1 J ,

3| 3| 3, 3| 3

3| 3| 3| 3

2 j 2 j 2

2

2 2

This plate was used to surcharge the 5 and
20c stamps. This plate also, was composed of
only four types, allbut three of the 5c stamps
having no punctuation. Two have a period
after the figure and one before the figure.

None of the 20c stamps are punctuated.
There is however, a slight difference between
the plate of the 20c and that of the 5c, viz;
the 1st stamp at the left of the sixth row is of
type I on the 20c instead of type VI.

In all likelihood, this was the result of some
accident to the plate before the printing of
the 20c_stamps.

CUBA.

155

Perforated 14.

1“ Type I.

151 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

152 IOC “ bistre, blue

153 20c “ red brown, black"

Varieties :

a. Comma after figure “ 5.”

154 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

b. No punctuation after figure ‘‘ 5.”

155 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

c. Period before figure ‘‘ 5.”

156 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

d. Figure of value inverted.

157 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

158 IOC ‘‘ bistre, blue ‘‘

e. Error; surcharged ‘‘10” instead of “20.”

159 IOC de peso red brown, black surcharge

f. Double surcharge.

159a IOC de peso bistre, blue surcharge
2® Type II.

160 5c de peso blue, red surcharge
i6r IOC “ bistre, blue ‘‘

162 20c red brown, black “

Varieties :

a. Comma after figure “ 5,”

163 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

b. No punctuation after figure "5.”

164 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

c. Period before figure “5.”

165 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

d. Figure of value inverted.

166 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

167 roc " bistre, blue ‘‘

f. Double surcharge.

167a IOC de peso bistre, blue surcharge
3® Type III,

168 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

169 IOC “ bistre, blue “

170 20c " red brown, black"

Varieties :

a. Comma after figure " 5.”

1 71 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

d. Figure of value inverted,

172 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

173 IOC " bistre, blue "

e. Error, surcharged ‘‘10” instead of “20.”

1 74 IOC de peso red brown, black surcharge

f. Double surcharge.

174a IOC de peso bistre, blue surcharge
4® Type [V.

175 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

176 IOC ‘‘ bistre, blue ‘‘

177 20C " red brown, black' ‘

Varieties :

a. Comma after figure “ 5.”

178 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

c. Period before figure " 5.”

179 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

d. Figure of value inverted,

180 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

1 81 IOC “ bistre, blue “

f. Double surcharge

i8la IOC de peso bistre, blue surcharge
5® Type V.

182 5c de peso blue, red surcharge

183 IOC " bistre, blue " ■

184 20c “ red brown, black"

Variety: Double surcharge.

184a IOC de peso bistre, blue surcharge
Through improper feeding, the following
varieties with double surcharge were made.

a. Twice type i.

184b 20c de peso red brown, black sur¬

charge

b. Types i and 4.

184c 20c de peso red brown, black sur¬

charge

c. Twice type 5.

i84d 20c de peso red brown, black sur¬
charge

d. Types 4 and 3.

1840 20c de peso, red brown, black sur¬

charge

e. Twice type 3.

184! 20c de peso red brown, black sur¬

charge

f. Types 3 and 2.

i84g 20c de peso red brown, black sur¬
charge.

Note. — A large number of the unsurcharged
5, 10 and 20c stamps having been stolen from
the Direction of Posts and Telegraphs, the
government, in order to prevent these from
being used, caused the remainders in stock
to be surcharged as above.

1883-88.

I® Same as issue of January 1882; same
impression, paper, etc.

Perforated 14.

185 2j^c de peso blue (Dec. 1883)

186 2j^c “ violet (Jan. 1884)

187 20c " olive "

188 2j^c " red brown (Jan. 1888)

189 20c " gray "

2® Type similar to the issue of January
1882, but re-engraved. Same impression,
paper, etc.

IMaLCtJ BA.(si!iSl

Perforated 14.

190 5c de peso blue (Dec. 1883)

191 IOC " brown (Jan. 1884)

192 IOC “ blue (Jan. 1888)

Varieties: loc stamps cut diagonally in two,

each half being used as a 5c.

193 5c de peso brown (half of locdepeso)

194 5c " blue " “

3“ Type similar to the issue of January
1882, but re-engraved for the second time,
impression, paper, etc.

Perforated 14.

195 5c de peso blue (March 1886)

196 ic “ green (Dec. 1886)

The differences between the stamps of the
January 1882 issue and the two re-engraved
ones are as follows ;

The oval frame surrounding the head of
Alfonso in the issue of January 1882, is of
equal thickness and touches the horizontal
line below " Cuba;” the opening formed by
the hair above the temples ends almost in a
point. In the first re-engraved type the oval
surrounding the head is thin, except in the
upper right part where it is thicker, and does
not touch the horizontal line under " Cuba;”
the opening in the hair above the temples is
more rounded. The principal difference be¬
tween the first and second re-engraved types,
is that in the latter the opening in the hair
is larger and still more rounded. Our illus-
tions give a pretty good idea of the three
types.

156

CUBA.

1884.

Counterfeits used postally,

During this year typographed counterfeits
of the 5c de peso were sucessfully used to
defraud the Post Office; they are, however,
easily distinguished from the genuine by
their blurred appearance, the texture of the
paper which is grayish instead of white, the
expression of the face and the perforation
which is 14}4 instead of 14.

Annexed cut gives a good illustration of
this counterfeit.

Typographed on grayish wove paper. Size
18x22 mm.

Perforated 14^^.

197 5c de peso blue

January 1890.

Typographed on white wove paper, Size
18 J^x22 mm.

Perforated 14.

198

ic de peso brown (Alfonso

199

2C “

slate blue

200

2Kc

emerald green

201

5c

olive green

202

IOC “

lilac brown

203

20c “

dark violet

End of 1890.

Counterfeits used postally.

About the end of 1890 counterfeits of the 5c
de peso of the current issue were successfully
used to defraud the government, they can be
distinguished from the genuine by the fol¬
lowing points: the perforation is 14^^ in¬
stead of 14, the exterior line is heavy instead
of thin, the color is olive brown instead of
olive green.

Typographed on wove paper. Size 19x22
mm .

Perforated 14)4,

204 5c de peso olive brown

NEWSPAPER STAMPS.

January 1888.

Typographed on white wove pape. Size
18^x22 mm.

Perforated 14.

301 mil de peso black

302 I mil “ “

303 2 mil “ “

304 3 mil

305 4 mil

306 8 mil “ ‘

January 1890.

Typographed on white paper. Size i8^x
22mm.

Perforated 14.

307

mil de peso red brown

308

I

mil

309

2

mil

310

3

mil

311

4

mil “ “

312

8

mil “ “

of Gul>a.

1871.

Engraved in iat/le douce on white wove
paper. Size 20^4^x25 mm.

Perforated 12.

I IOC green

This stamp was made by the American
Bank Note Co., on the order of the represen.

tatives of the Revolutionary Government,
residing in New York. Two plates were
prepared, one for 5c and one for loc stamps,
but as far as we can ascertain only the loc
stamps were printed, and 100,000 delivered
to the provisional government, of which Car¬
los Manuel Cespedes was President, at the
time. These stamps were actually used in
Holguin, in the province of Puerto Principe,
and hence are to be placed in the same cate¬
gory as the Carlist stamps of Spain or the
stamps of the Confederate States of America.

The extreme rarity of used specimens is
easily explained by the fact that the Spanish
Government intercepted the larger part of
the Revolutionary mails, and those which
did arrive at their destination, were, in most
cases, destroyed, as they might have betrayed
the recipients.

COUNTERFEITS.

We know of no good forgeries of the unsurcharged stamps of Cuba, except those which we have already
described, Genuine 2r stamps pf the 1855, 1856 and 1857 issuesare to be found with a forged y^; these are

CUBA— CURACAO

157

easily distinguished from thegenuine, the i of ^ being a Roman I instead of an ordinary i as on the genuine.
The separation between the i and 4 on the counterfeits is formed of a thick horizontal line, measuring about
2^ mm. while on the genuine stamps of 1855 this line is thinner and measures 3^ mm.; the separation be¬
tween the I and 4 on thegenuine stamps of 1857 is formed by an “1” lying sideways.

Of the fraudulent surcharges of the 1882 issue, we have only seen the 5th type (Star) on the 20c; these
are quite dangerous, as they are not made by means of a forged surcharge, but by the same hand stamp used
to surcharge the genuine. They are only to be distinguished by the uneveness of the print, the genuine
having been surcharged by the aid of a printing press while the others were hand stamped by some one
who had obtained one of the original cliches.

ciJ^ACAO-

Currency: 100 CENTS=I GULDEN=$o.40)i U. S. Currency.
ADHESIVE STAMPS.

June 1st, 1873.

Typographed on various papers. Size igx
23 mm.

1° White wove paper.

Perforated 14.

1 2)4c green (William III)

2 3c bistre

3 5c rose

4 IOC ultramarine

5 25c orange brown

6 50c violet

2“ Bluish wove paper.

Perforated 14.

7 2)4c green

8 3c bistre

9 5 c rose

10 IOC ultramarine

11 25c orange brown

12 50c violet

1879-

Same type as preceding issue. Typographed
on white wove paper, the centre being printed
in violet and the frame in bistre. This stamp
although of the same size, appears to be larg¬
er than those of the preceding issue; this is
caused by the margins being wider.
Perforated 14.

13 2gl 50c bistre and violet
188?

Same type as preceding issues, typographed
on white wove paper. Same size, etc.

I" Perforated 12)4. 12.

14 2)4c green

15 serose

16 IOC blue

17 25c orange brown

2" Perforated 13.

18 2)4c green

1 8a Sc rose

19 IOC blue

20 soc violet

3“ Perforated 13, 13)4-
20a 2)4c green

21 sc rose

22 IOC blue

23 2Sc orange brown

24 soc violet

4" Perforated 12, 13.

24a Sc rose
24b IOC blue

S° Perforated 13)4-
24c 2)4c green

24d Sc rose
240 IOC blue
24! 2SC orange brown

6“ Perforated 12, ii)4-
24g Sc rose
24h IOC blue

1886.

Same type, impression, etc., as preceding
issues.

Perforated 12)4-

25 i2Kc yellow

1888.

Same type, impression, etc., as preceding
issues.

I® Perforated ii)4.

26 igld soc light blue, centre dark blue
2® Perforated 12)4. 12.

28 I2)4c yellow

30 2SC orange brown

31 30c lilac

32 60c slate

1889.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
19x23 mm.

Perforated 12)4.

33 ic gray

34 2c violet

35 2)4c green

36 sc rose

i8go.

Same type, impression etc., as preceding
issue.

Perforated 12)4.

37 3c bistre

CURACAO— CYPRUS.

158

UNPAID LETTER STAMPS.

i88g.

Typographed in color on white wove
paper, the denominations of value printed
in black. There are four varieties of each
Value consisting in small differences in the
inscription and corner ornaments; these
varieties correspond with the four values of
the Unpaid Letter stamps of the Dutch
Indies of the issue of 1874-75, the clichh of
which were used to make the plates of the
current issue of unpaid letter stamps of the
Netherlands and its colonies. The variety
corresponding with the 5c of the 1874 issue
has not been seen by us in any of the values
of the Curacao unpaid letter stamps.

Perforated I2yi.

100 23^0 green and black

roi 5c “ “

102 IOC green and black
T03 1234c “

104 15c “ “

105 50c “

COUNTERFEITS.

We do not know of any good forgeries of the stamps of Curacao.

CYf^iJs.

Currency : i pound=2o shillings; i shilling=I2 pence. The pound equaling $4.86 U. S. Currency.

40 PARAS=i piastre=23^c U. S. Currency,

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

April 1880.

Stamps of Great Britain surcharged in
black Cyprus.

Perforated 14.

I® Watermarked

I 34p lake red

This stamp comes with plate numbers 12,
15 and ig.

2 ip red

Vatieiies:

a. Double surcharge.

3 ip red

b. One stamp with surcharge and next one
without.

4 ixip red, with and without surcharge
This stamp exists with plate numbers 174,

181, 184, 201, 205, 208, 210, 215, 216, 217,
218, 220.

5 23^p claret

This stamp exists with plate numbers 14
and 15.

CYPRUS.

159

6 4p sea green
Plate number 16.

5“ Watermarked

7 6p slate

8 ish green
Plate number 16

the ish.

of the 6p and 13 of

March 1881.

Provisional issue,

I penny stamps of preceding issue sur¬
charged horizontally in black '•'halfpenny"
i.i various types.

Perforated 14.

Watermarked Crown.

1“ Surcharge measuring i8mm.

HALFPENNY

9 ^p on ip red

Variety : half penn instead of halfpenny.
10 ^p on ip red

Plate numbers 181, 201, 204, 205, 208, 215,
216, 217, 218, 220.

2® Surchq/ge measuring l6mm.

HALF-PENNY

ti }4'P on ip red

Plate numbers 201, 216, 218.

3® Surcharge measuring 13mm,

halfpenny

12 j4p on Ip red
Variety: Double surcharge.

13 on ip red

Plate numbers 205, 215, 217, 218.

July i88r.

Provisional issue.

ip stamps of the first issue surcharged hor¬
izontally in black with new value.
Watermarked Crown.

Perforated 14.

14 30pa on ip red

Variety: Double surcharge, the upper one
inverted.

15 30X30P on ip red

Plate numbers 201, 216, 217, 220.

July 1881.

Typographed on white wove paper, por¬
trait of Queen Victoria. Size i8j^ x 22}4
mm.

Watermarked Crown and C. C.

Perforated 14.

16

Kpi

green

17

ipi

rose

18

2pi

blue

19

4pi

olive green

20

6pi

slate

June 1882.

I® Reg^ilar Issue.

Y piastre green of preceding issue sur¬
charged Y in black.

Perforated 14.

a. Watermarked Crown and C. C.

21 green and black

y b. Watermarked Crown and C. A.

22 Kp* green and black

This was done to better distinguish the Yz
piastre green from the 2 piastres blue, the
color of the former being often of a bluish
shade, caused by the dampness of the atmos¬
phere.

2® Provisional Issue.

I piastre rose of the 1881 issue surcharged
with new value in black.

Watermarked Crown and C. C.

Perforated 14.

23 3opa on ipi rose

1882-86.

Same type, etc., as issue of 1881.
Watermarked Crown and C. A.
Perforated 14.

24

3opa 1

mauve (End 1882)

25

YzY'^

green (April 1883)

26

ipl

rose (Sept. 1883)

27

2pi

blue ( “ “ )

28

4pi

olive green (End 1883)

29

6pi

slate (Jan. 1883)

30

I2pi

Venetian red (1886)

June 1886.

Yz piastre green of preceding issue sur¬
charged Yi in black.

Watermarked Crown and C. A.

i6o

CYPRUS.

Perforated 14.

31 }4pi green and black

REVEN.UES USED FOR POSTAGE.

1883;

Typographed on white wove paper, water¬
marked a Garter. Size i8^x22^mm.

Perforated 14.
loi I pi lilac and black

UNPAID LETTER STAMPS.

Postage and revenue stamps POSTAL
of various dates surcharged

horizontally in black. SURCHARGE

I. Postage Stamps.

1882.

Postage stamps of the issue of July 1881
surcharged surcharge. Watermarked
Crown and C. C.

Perforated 14.

201 J^pi green

202 ipi rose

203 2pi blue

204 4pi olive green

205 6pi slate
June 1882.

Postage stamps of same date surcharged
Postal surcharge.

1“ Watermarked Crown and C. C.
Perforated 14.

206 J^pi green and black

2® Watermarked Crown and C. A.
Perforated 14.

207 J^pi green and black

208 3opa on ipi rose and black

1883-86.

Postage stamps of same date surcharged
Postal surcharge; watermarked Crown and

C. A.

Perforated 14.

209 J^pi green

210 J^pi green and black

211 ipi rose

212 2pi blue

213 4pi olive green

214 6pi slate

215 I2pi Venetian red

II. Revenue Stamps.

1882.

Revenue stamps surcharged Postal sur¬
charge.

1° Watermarked a Garter

216

ipi lilac and black

217

2pi ‘

‘ blue

218

3pi

‘ brown

219

6pi ‘

‘ green

220

8pi ‘

'* carmine

Perforated 14.

221 ish green and black

222 ish 6p “ blue

223 2sh ‘‘ “

224 2sh 6p “ brown

225 5sh “ violet

226 losh “ vermilion

3“ Watermarked Crown and C. C

Perforated 14.

227 ipi lilac

228 2p “

4® Same type as preceding. Water¬
marked Crown and C. A.

Perforated 14.

229 ip lilac

230 2p “

231 3p “ and brown

232 4>^p green

233 6p lilac

Perforated 14.

CYPRUS— DANISH WEST INDIES.

i6i

ENVELOPES.

April 1880.

Registration envelopes of Great Britain of
the 1878 issue, with stamp on the flap sur¬
charged CYPRUS on each side of the
stamp.

I" Size 132x82 mm.

a. Heavy type, no punctuation after “ iU"

301 2p blue

b. Thin type, punctuation after "it."

302 2p blue

c. Smaller type than preceding.

303 2p blue

2“ Size 154x98 mm,

a. Thin type and no capitals to POST
OFFICE.

304 2p blue

b. Heavier type and POST OFFICE with
capitals.

305 2p blue

July i88r.

Stamp embossed on flap; linen lined en¬
velope, flap to the left. Stamp and inscrip¬
tions printed in blue.

I® Size 132x82 mm.

a. Scalloped flap.

306 2pi blue

b. Plain flap.

307 2pi blue

2® Size 154x98 mm.

Scalloped flap.

308 2pi blue

End 1881.

Stamp embossed on flap; linen lined en¬
velope, flap to the right; large R in upper
left corner.

1° Size 132x82 mm.

309 2pi blue

2° Size 154x98 mm.

310 2pi blue
1884.

Similar to preceding issues, but R in oval
frame.

1° Size 132x82 mm.

311 2pi blue

2® Size 154x98 mm.

312 2pi blue

WRAPPERS.

1880.

Wrappers of Great Britain surcharged

Size 125x300 mm.

401 ip brown, manila paper

1881-82,

Stamp to the right, same type as adhesive
of July i88r, buff paper.

Size 125x300 mm.

CYPRUS

HALF PIASTRE]

402 J^pi green (1882)

403 ipi brown

COUNTERFEITS.

Forged surcharges on stamps of Great Britain are to be found, but the printing of these surcharges is
not as clear and bold as the genuine, besides most of these frauds are to be found on stamps having plate
numbers different from those used for Cyprus.

Di\]\fIsH WESJ l]\fD]E8.

Currency: 100 cents=i dollar.
ADHESIVE STAMPS.

1855,

Typographed on yellowish paper covered
with light brown wavy lines. Watermarked

Size i8J^xi9 mm,

i62

DANISH WEST INDIES— DENMARK.

The stamps of this issue are to be found
with light and also very dark brown gum,
the cause of which is as follows: In 1855 the
authorities of St. Thomas received from the
home government a package of postage
stamps;on its being opened it was discovered
that the damp atmosphere of the ship’s hold
had caused the stamps to stick together.
They had to be regummed, and a part was
sent to a pharmacist of the name of Riise
at St. Croix, and the remainder to F. Beuzon
another pharmacist at St. Croix; the former
used the purest gum arabic obtainable, while
the latter used a gum of inferior quality;
hence the difference in the color of the gum
of these stamps.

1867.

Same as preceding issue, but on light pa¬
per also covered with light brown wavy lines.
Watermarked Crown.

2 3c rose

Variety: Rouletted unofficially.

3 3c rose.

1872.

Same as preceding issue, same paper, wa¬
termark, etc.

Perforated 12^.

4 3c rose

1873-

Same type as preceding issue, on plain
white paper, watermarked Crown.

Perforated 12^.

5 4c blue

October 1873,

Typographed in two colors on white wove
paper, the oval and centre beingof one color,
and the ornamented frame of another; water¬
marked Crown, Sixe I7x20^’mm.

Perforated 13^^.

6 ic lilac, frame green

7 3c carmine, “ blue

8 4c blue, “ brown

9 7c yellow, “ lilac

10 14c green, “ “

October 1876.

Same as preceding issue, watermarked
Crown.

Perforated 13!^.

11 5c gray, frame green

12 lOc brown, “ blue

13 I2C green, “ lilac

Varieties: Unperforated.

14 5c gray, frame green

15 IOC brown, “ blue

1879,

Same as preceding issue, printed in one
color; watermarked Crown,

Perforated 13^-

16 50c mauve

May 1887.

Provisional issue.

7c stamps of 1873 issue surcharged horizon¬

tally in black with new value.

ENVELOPES.

September 1877.

Stamp embossed in upper right corner!
white wove paper, the flap being watermarked
with large crown as per engraving.

Size 147x83mm.
loi 3c vermilion

May 1878.

Same as preceding issue.

Size 147x83mm.

102 2c blue

COUNTERFEITS.

The forgeries of this colony, being all lithographed on unwatermarked paper, are easily distinguished from
the genuine.

Currency: 96 skilling=i rigsdaler=$o.54 U. S. Currency. 100 ore — i krona — $0.27 U. S. Currency.

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

April 1851.

Typographed on white wove paper covered
with light brown wavy lines; watermarked

Size i8j^xi8^mm. The value is
in rigsbank skilling (R. B. S.)

1 2r,b.s. blue

2 4r.b.s. deep brown

3 4r.b.s. yellow brown

Variety: Perforated 12, unofficially.

4 4r.b.s. deep brown
Reprints.

1886.

1° Yellowish wove paper covered with
light brown wavy lines; unwatermarked,

5 2r.b.s. blue

6 fyr.b.s, brown

DENMARK.

163

2° White wove paper covered with light
brown wavy lines; unwatermarked,

7 2r.b.s-. blue

1853-57.

Typographed on while wove paper covered
with light brown wavy lines; watermarked
Crown. Size 18^ x 18^ mm. Value in
skillings.

8 2s blue {May 1854)

9 4s brown

10 4s yellow brown

11 8s green (July 1857)

12 i6s lilac (Aug. 1857)

13 1 6s bright violet “

Vay-ieties: Perforated 10 to 14, unofficially.

14 2s blue

15 4s brown

16 8s green

17 i6s lilac
Reprints.

1886.

White wove paper covered with light brown
wavy lines; unwatermarked.

18 2s blue

19 16s violet

1858.

Typographed on white wove paper covered
with light brown wavy lines; watermarked
Crown. Size i8j4xi8 j^mm.

20 4s deep brown

21 4s yellow brown

22 8s green
Reprints.

1886.

White wove paper covered with light brown
wavy lines ; unwatermarked.

23 ks brown

24 8s green
1863.

Stamps of 1853-58 issues.

Rouletted.

1“ Stamps of 1853-57.

25 4s brown

26 8s green

27 i6s bright violet
2“ Stamps of 1858.

28 4s deep brown

29 8s green
1864-68.

Typographed on white wove paper ; water¬
marked Crown. Size i8x20j^mm.

Perforated 13.

30 2s blue (Sept. 1865)

31 3s mauve (Oct. 1865)

32 4s red (June 1864)

33 8s stone (April 1868)

34 i6s olive green(June 1864)

Varieties: Unperforated.

35 2S blue

36 3s mauve

37 4S red

38 8s stone

39 i6s olive green

Reprints.

1886.

• White wove paper ; un watermarked.
Unperforated.

40 2s blue

41 3s mauve

42 ks red

43 8s stone

44 16s olive green

1870-71.

Typographed in two colors on white wove
paper, the oval and centre being in one color,
and the ornamented frame in another. Wa¬
termarked Crown. Size I7x20j^mm. Value
is in skillings.

Perforated I3J^.

45

2s blue, frame slate (13 Jan. 1871)

46

3s purple, “

“ (15 June 1870)

47

4s carmine, ‘ ‘

48

8s brown, “

“ (i April 1871)

49

i6s green, “

“ (15 June 1870)
brown" ‘‘

50

48s purple, “

Varieties:

a. Unperforated.

51 2sblue, frame slate

52 3s purple, “

53 4s carmine, “ “

54 8s brown, “ “

55 i6s green, “ “

56 48s purple, “ brown

b. Unperforated horizontally.

57 4s carmine, frame slate
Reprints.

1886.

White wove paper; utnuatermarked.
U nperf orated.

58 2s blue, frame slate
3 s purple.

ps carmine,
8s brown,
16s green,
k8s purple
January 1875.

brown

Same type as preceding issue, same im¬
pression, paper, watermark, etc. Value in
ore.

Perforated 13!^.

64

3 6 gray.

frame blue

65

4 () blue.

‘‘ slate

66

4 0 ultramarine

67

8 0 carmine.

“ “

68

12 b mauve.

t f ( (

69

16 b brown,

( t i

70

25 b green.

( < ( (

71

50 b purple.

‘ ‘ brown

164

DENMARK.

1875-79-

Same as preceding issue, same paper, wa¬
termark, etc.

Perforated 13^.

72 50 ultramarine, frame carmine (May

1879)

73 20 6 red, “ slate(Sept. 1875)

74 100 6 orange, “ “ (Oct. 1877)

Variety: Tail of “ 5 ” broken.

75 50 ultramarine, frame carmine

July 1882.

Typographed on white wove paper, water¬
marked Crown. Size I73^x2imm.
Perforated I3j^.

76 56 green

77 20 6 blue
March 1885.

Same type as preceding issue, but numerals
of value in the angles of the 5 and 20 Ore are
larger; same impression, watermark, etc.
Perforated I3j4.

78 56 green

79 10 6 carmine

80 20 0 blue

OFFICIAL STAMPS.

April 1871.

Typographed on white wove paper; water
marked Crown. Size I7x20j^mm.

Perforated 13^2-

151 2s blue

152 2s ultramarine

153 4s carmine

154 1 6s green

Varieties: Unperforated.

155 2s blue

156 4s carmine

157 i6s green

Reprints.

1886.

White wove paper; unwatermarhea
Unperforated.

1 58 %s blue

159 hs rose

160 16s green

January^ 1875.

Same type as preceding, but value expressed
in 6re; same impression, paper, watermark,
etc.

Perforated 1314.

161 3 o mauve

162 4 O ultramarine
8 O carmine

32 O green

163

164

OFFICIALLY SEALED.

September 1878.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
43x27mm.

201 No value, brown and blue

January 1890.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
421^x28 mm.

Perforated 12.

202 no value, bistre

ENVELOPES.

January 1871.

Stamp embossed in
the upper right corner;
white wove paper, water¬
marked on the flap

Size 147x84 mm., short gum.

301 2s blue

302 4s red

Variety: Long gum.

303 2s blue

1866.

Same as preceding issue but without “ S”
after numeral of value. Size 147x84mm.

304 2(s) blue

305 4(s) red
1869-72.

Same type as preceding issue but different
figure of value and various papers.

1“ Thin figure of value.

a. White wove paper.

DENMARK.— DOMINICA.

165

Size 147x84mm.

306 2(s) blue (1872)

307 4(s) red

b. Bluish wove paper,

Size 147x84mm.

308 2(s) blue

2" Figure of value open.

a. White wove paper.
Size 147x83mm.

309 4(s) red (1871)

b. Bluish wove paper.

Size 184x87mm.

310 4(s) red

1875.

Same type as preceding issue but value in¬
tended to be in ore; same impression, paper,
watermark, etc.

1“ Figure of value open.

Size 147x84mm,

31 1 4(6) blue

Variety: Watermarked on the face of the
envelope instead of on the flap.

312 4(0) blue

2° Thin figure of value.

Size 147x84mm.

313 4(6) blue

314 4(6) ultramarine

315 8(d) vermilion

WRAPPERS

June ist, 1872.

Stamp same as adhesives of the 1870 issue,
printed to the right; white wove paper,
colored border.

Size 90x375mm.

401 2s blue
January 1875.

Same as preceding but value expressed in
ore.

Size 90x375mm.

402 40 blue

July 1st, 1882.

Stamp, same type as adhesives of the issue
of July 1882, printed to the right; white
wove paper; colored border.

Size 90x375mm.

403 50 green
1887.

Stamp, same type as adhesives of March
1885, printed to the right; white wove paper;
colored border,

404 50 green

RETURN LETTER ENVELOPES.

January 1871.

Stamp printed on flap; white wove paper.

I” Inscription ; General Post Directeuren.

a. Size 165x95mm.

501 no value, black on white paper

b. Size I70xic0mm.

502 no value, black on white paper

2® Inscription : General Directoratet foi
Postvaesenet.

a. Size 165x95mm.

503 no value, black on white paper

b. Size 190x107mm.

504 no value, black on white paper

c. Size 235x100mm.

505 no value, black on white paper

d. Size 240x130mm.

506 no value, black on white paper

3“ Inscription : Postvaesenets Overbesty-

reln.

a. Size 218x117.

507 no value, black on white paper

b. Size 198x117.

508 no value, black on white laid paper
January 1890.

Stamp embossed on flap; yellow wove
paper.

Size 198x127 mm.

509 no value, red on yellow paper

COUNTERFEITS.

All the counterfeits of Denmark, being lithographed on unwatermarked paper, are easily told from the
genuine. Stamps of the 1853-58 issues are to be found with fraudulent rouletting; comparison with the 4s, which
is quite a common stamp even rouletted, will readily tell their true nature. In the genuine there are ii inden¬
tations in 2 centimetres while in the counterfeits there are generally more.

DOMINICA.

V

Currency; i P0UND=2O shillings, i shilling=i2 pence. The pound equally $4.86 U. S. Currency.

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

1874.

Typographed on .white wove paper. Por¬
trait of Queen Victoria. Size i8)4x22j^
mm. Watermarked Crown and C.C.

i66

DOMINICA.

Perforated

1 ip lilac

2 6p green

3 ish lake

1877-79.

Same as preceding issue.

Perforated 14.

4 /4v bistre (1870)

5 ip lilac

6 2j4p claret (1879)

7 4p blue “

8 6p green

9 Ish lake
Varieties:

a. I penny stamps cut diagonally in two,
each half being used as a penny.

Perforated 14.

10 I^p lilac (half of ip)

b. I penny stamps cut vertically in two,
each half being used as a ^ penny.

Perforated 14.

11 }^p lilac (half of ip)

1882.

Provisional issue.

I penny stamps of 1879 issue cut vertically
in two, each half being surcharged with new
value.

Perforated 14.

1° Surcharged i in black.

enny:

a. Right half.

12 ^p lilac and black

b. Left half.

13 ^p lilac and black
2“ Surcharged -J in red

a. Right half.

14 ^p lilac and red

b. Left half,

15 ^p lilac and red

3“ Surcharged half penny in black.

REVENUES USED

1879-84.

Postage stamps of 1877 issue, surcharged
in black Revenue,

Watermark Crown and C. C.

Perforated 14.

51 ip lilac

52 6p green (1882)

53 ish lake (1884)

a. Surcharge reading upwards.

Right half.

16 jl^p lilac and black
Left half.

17 Kp blac and black

b. Surcharge reading downwards.

Right half.

18 ^p lilac and black
Left half.

19 jl^p lilac and black
1883-84.

Same type as 1874-79 issues; same impres¬
sion, paper, etc.

Watermarked Crown and C. A.

Perforated 14.

20 bistre

21 2^p claret (1884)

1886.

Provisional issue.

6 penny and i shilling stamps, of 1877 is¬
sue, surcharged in black with new value, and
original value obliterated with black line;
there are a number of minor varities con¬
sisting in the relative position of the letters
of the first and second line of the surcharge.

Perforated 14.

22 }4p on 6p green

23 ip on 6p green

24 ip on ish lake

Principal variety: “y” of “penny” be¬
low the line.

24a ip on ish lake

1886.

Same type as 1874-79 issues; same impres¬
sion, paper, etc.

Watermarked Crown and C. A.

Perforated 14.

25 Kp green

26 ip lilac

27 4p gray

1887-90.

Same as preceding issue.

Watermarked Crown and C.A.

Perforated 14.

28 ip carmine

29 2^p blue

30 6p orange

31 ish lake

FOR POSTAGE.

DOMINICA— DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.

167

1887.

Postage stamps of same date, surcharged
in black Revenue.

Watermarked Crown and C. A.

Perforated 14.

54 ip carmine

Since November 3d, i8go, the use of spec¬
ial stamps for Dominica has been discon¬
tinued; this Island now uses the stamps of
the Leeward Islands to which group it be¬
longs.

COUNTERFEITS.

All forgeries of the stamps of Dominica, being lithographed on unwatermarked paper, are easily distin¬
guished from the genuine. There exists, however, a very dangerous counterfeit of the surcharge of the i
penny on 6p green (a very rare stamp); collectors should be careful to procure this stamp only from reliable
parties.

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.

Currency: 8 reales=ioo centavos=i peso, ioo centimos= i franco. i peso or 5 francos=

$0.85 U. S. Currency.

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

1862.

Type set, printed in black on colored wove
paper. There is only one plate of this issue,
containing twelve stamps printed in two
horizontal rows of six stamps each, all differ¬
ing from one another in various details. The
same plate was used to print both values ;
after the stamps of the value of medio real
were printed, the inscription to the left was
changed from "■ M edio real" to UnreaV'^dliX
the varieties of the sheet of the ^ real being
thus repeated on the sheet of i real. The
size of the entire plate is 122x40)^ mm; the
stamps varying in size from 19 to 19}^ mm.,
in width, by 19^ mm in height.

1 YzX rose p, 12 varieties

2 ir deep green p, 12 varieties

1865.

Type set, printed in black; two values as
in preceding issue. There are two plates of
this issue, the fir-t one which is virtually
the plate of the first issue but altered, the
coat of arms being identical, the border line
and the inscription alone being changed;
this plate was only used for the medio real.
The second plate which was used for both
the medio and un real stamps was composed
of only ten stamps, printed in two horizon¬
tal rows of five stamps each; this plate was
made up from the first plate, leaving out
two of the types and placing the other ten
in different positions from those occupied
in the first plate. We give below the dia¬
grams of the two plates.

Plate I.

I

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

II

12

Plate II.

7

4

8

2

10

I

5 ! 6

3

12

As can be seen types 9 and ii were left
out in the second plate. Our theory is that
during the printing of the medio real stamps
of the 1865 issue, some accident happened
to the plate, damaging one or two of the
types and that another plate was immediately
recomposed from the remaining ten types.
This is corroborated by the fact that no Un
real stamps of the 1865 issue are known in
the types 9 and ii. while those two types
exist in the medio real of the satrre issue;
we have seen these in the collection of Mr.
F. de Coppet. An unsevered sheet of
medio real of Plate II is in the collection of
the Hon. T. K. Tapling, M. P.

3 YiX pale green p, 12 varieties

4 ir straw p, 10 varieties
1866.

Typographed in black on colored paper;
the inscriptions in the upper and lower la¬
bels were printed separately ; there are two
types of the i real. Size

CORK R os

CORREOS

Un real '

UiN real

Type I. Type II.

1“ Wove paper.

5 ir pale green p, type I

i68

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.

2° Watermarked diamonds.

6 ir pale green p, type i

3“ Laid paper.

7 Jl^r rose p

8 ir pale green p, type I

9 ir pale green p, type II

January 1867.

Same type and impression as preceding
issue.

Wove paper.

10 J^r rose p

11 ir blue p, type I

12 ir light blue p. type I
Variities.

a. Unreal in one virord.

13 ir blue p

b. Without inscription at top and bottom.

14 no value, blue p

c. No inscription at top.

15 ir blue p

d. ir stamps cut diagonally in two, each
half being used as a

16 J^r light blue p (half of ir)

April 1867.

Same type and impression as preceding
issue.

Pelure paper.

17 rose p

18 ir blue p, type I

ig ir pale blue p, type I.

January 1868.

Same type and impression as preceding
issue.

Pelure paper.

20 y^x lilac blue p

21 y^x lavender p

22 ir rose p, type II
January 1869.

Same type and impression as preceding is¬
sue.

Pelure paper.

23 J^r greenish gray p

24 ir magenta p, type II

End 1869.

Same type and impressions as preceding is¬
sue.

Pelure paper.

25 yzx yellow p

26 y^x olive p

27 J^r pale green p

1870.

Same type and impression as preceding
issue.

Wove paper.

28 y^x magenta p

29 ir dark green p, type II.

Vai iety : ir stamps cut diagonally in two,
each half being used as a real.

30 J4r dark green p, half of ir

1871.

Same type and impression as preceding
issue.

Pelure paper.

31 J^r salmon p

32 Ir salmon p, type II.

End 1871.

Same type as preceding issue, printed in
blue on colored paper ; the inscriptions in
upper and lower labels are printed separately
in black.

Wove paper.

33 y^x blue on rose paper, black inscrip¬
tions.

Variety : Inscriptions printed in blue.

34 l^Le on rose paper, blue inscrip¬
tions.

1873.

Same type as preceding issue, printed in
black on colored wove paper.

35 /^r yellow p

36 Ir violet p, type II.

Varieties :

a. ir stamps cut diagonally in two, each
half being used as a real.

37 violet p, half of ir

b. Without inscriptions at top and bottom.

38 no value, yellow p

39 “ violet p

c. Pin perforated, unofficially.

39a y^x yellow p

39b ir violet p, type II.

End 1879.

Typographed on various papers ; Size igj^
x26 mm.

i» White wove paper
Perforated 13.

40 J^r violet

41 ir carmine
Varieties : Unperforated.

42 y^x violet

43 Ir carmine

2° Colored wove paper.
Perforated 13.

44 J^r violet on bluish paper

45 ir carmine on buff paper.
Varieties: Unperforated.

46 violet on bluish paper,

47 ir carmine on buff paper.

It is said that the stamps of this issue,
printed on white paper, were used for inland
postage, while those on colored paper were
used for foreign postage.

October 1880.

Lithographed on white wove paper. Size
20x25l4mm.

Rouletted in colored lines.

48

IC

green

49

IC

gray green

50

2C

red

51

5c

blue

52

IOC

rose

53

20c

brown

54

25c

violet

55

50c

orange

56

75c

blue

57

ip

gold

Varieties ;
a. Laid paper.

58 ic gray green

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.

169

b. CEN'^AVO instead of CENTAVO.

59 ic green, wove paper.

60 IC gray green, wove paper

61 IC gray green, laid paper

January 1881.

Same type as preceding issue, lithographed
on white wove paper covered with a colored
network.

Rouletted in colored lines.

62 ic green, rose network

63 ic gray green, rose network

64 2C red, lilac network

65 5c blue rose network

66 IOC rose “ “

67 20c brown “ “

68 25c violet, red network

69 50c orange, “ “

70 75c blue, yellow network

71 ip gold, “ “

Vaiieties : CENTAVO instead of CEN¬
TAVO

72 IC green, rose network.

73 IC gray green, rose network.

A large number of the stamps of the 1880-
81 issues have been cancelled to order.

1883.

Stamps of the two preceding issues sur¬
charged horizontally in black with value in
centimes and francos.

Rouletted in colored lines.

I. Thick figure of centimes measures

17mm., and franco 15mm in length.

5 I

centimos. franco

I® Plain paper.

74 5c on IC green

75 5c on IC gray green

76 IOC on 2c red

77 25c on 5c blue

78 50c on IOC rose

79 ifr on 20c brown

Varieties;

a. Accent on i of Centimos,

80 5c on IC green

81 5c on IC gray green

82 IOC on 2C red

83 25c on 5c blue

84 50C on IOC rose

85 ifr on 20c brown

b. CEN~AVO instead of CENTAVO.

86 5c on IC green

87 5c on IC green, (accent on i)

88 5c on ic gray green

89 Sc on ic gray green, (accent on i)

c. Top of “ 5 ” straight instead of curved.

90 Sc on IC green

91 Sc on IC gray green

92 2Sc on Sc blue

93 soc on IOC rose

d' Top of “ I ” straight instead of slanting.

94 IOC on 2c red

95 if on 20c brown

e. Without figure of value.

96 centimos on 2c rose

f. Surcharged on the back.

97 25c on Sc blue

g- Surcharge inverted.

98 Sc on ic gray green

99 Sc on ic gray green, (accent on i)

100 Sc on ic gray green (CENTAVO)

101 IOC on 2c red

102 IOC on 2c red, (accent on i)

103 50c on IOC rose

104 50C on IOC rose, (accent on i)

h. Errors of surcharge.

105 IOC on Sc blue

106 IOC on Sc blue (accent on i)

107 50c on Sc blue

108 50c on Sc blue (accent on i)

2“ Paper covered with colored network,
log Sc on ic green, rose network
no Sc on I c gray green," "

111 IOC on 2c red, lilac

112 25c on 5c blue, rose ‘‘

113 50c on IOC rose, ‘‘ ‘‘

V arieties:

a. Accent on i of Centimos.

1 14 5c on IC green

1 15 5c on IC gray green

1 16 IOC on 2C red

117 25c on 5c blue

118 50c on IOC rose

b. CEN~AVO instead of CENTAVO,
iig Sc on IC green

120 Sc on IC green, (accent on i)

121 Sc on IC gray green

122 5c on IC gray green (accent on f)

c. Top of "5” straight instead of curved.

123 sc on IC green

124 Sc on IC gray green

125 25c on Sc blue

126 50c on IOC rose

d. Top of "i” straight instead of slanting.

127 IOC on 2c red

128 ifr on 20c brown

g. Surcharge inverted.

129 5c on IC gray green

130 5c on IC gray green (accent on i)

131 50c on IOC rose

132 50c on IOC rose (accent on f)

h. Errors of surcharge.

133 Sc on 2c red

134 Sc on 2c red (accent on i)

135 50c on Sc blue

136 50c on Sc blue (accent on i)

II. Thin figure of value ; centimos is g mm.,
under “5”; no period after centimos. Centi¬
mos measures 16^ mm., in length.

5

centimos

I® Plain paper.

137 5c on IC green

138 Sc on IC gray green

Varieties: CENTAVO instead of CEN¬
TAVO.

139 5c on IC green

140 5c on IC gray green

2“ Paper covered with colored network.

141 SC on IC green, rose network.

142 5c on IC gray green “ "

Varieties: CENTAVO instead of CEN¬
TAVO.

143 sc on IC green

144 Sc on IC gray green

III. Thin figures of value; Centimos is 5
mm., under figures of value; period after
Centimos.

5

centimos.

I® Plain paper.

145 Sc on IC green

146 5c on IC gray green

147 IOC on 2c red

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.

1 70

148 25c on 5c blue

149 50c on IOC red

VciTictics ,*

a. CEN'^AVO instead of CENTAVO.

150 5c on ic green

151 5c on ic gray green

b. Error of surcharge.

152 IOC on IC gray green

153 IOC on IC gray green (CEN~AVO)

2“ Paper covered with colored network.

154 5c on IC green, rose network

155 5c on IC gray green, rose network

156 IOC on 2c red, lilac network

157 25c on 5c blue, rose “

158 50c on IOC rose, “ “

V *

a. CEN“AVO instead of CENTAVO.

159 5c on IC green

160 5c on IC gray green

b. Error of surcharge.

161 IOC on IC gray green

162 IOC on IC gray green (CEN AVO)

c. Surcharge inverted.

163 5c on ic gray green

164 5c on IC gray green (CEN " AVO)

165 IOC on 2c red

IV. Same as preceding surcharge but in
heavier type; the accent on “6” is slightly
curved instead of straight.

I" Plain paper.

166 5c on ic green

167 5c on IC gray green

Farieties; CEN"' AVO instead of CEN¬
TAVO.

168 5c on IC green

i6g 5c on IC gray green

2° Paper covered with colored network,

170 5c on IC green, rose network

17 1 5c on IC gray green, “

Varieties: CEN"" AVO instead of CEN¬
TAVO.

172 5c on IC green

173 5c on IC gray green

V. Figure of value thick; franco measures
iiyz ki length; period after franco.

1

franco.

1° Plain paper.

174 ifr on 20c brown

Variety: Top of “i” straight instead of
slanting.

175 ifr on 20c brown

2“ Paper covered with colored network.

176 ifr on 20c brown, rose network.

Variety: Top of “i” straight instead of

slanting.

177 ifr on 20c brown

VI. Thick figure of value; Franco meas¬
ures I2^mm ; square period after Franco.

1

Franco.

I® Plain paper.

178 ifr on 20c brown

Varieties:

a. Top of “i” straight instead of slanting.

179 ifr on 20c brown

I3. Comma after Fraiico

180 ifr on 20c brown

c. Round period after Franco; the period
is placed above the line.

18 1 ifr on 20c brown

2® Paper covered with colored network.

182 ifr on 20c brown, rose network.
Varieties:

a. Top of “ I ” straight instead of slanting.

183 ifr on 20C brown

b. Comma after Franco.

184 ifr on 20c brown

c. Round period after Franco; the period
is placed above the line.

185 ifr on 20c brown

VII. Thick figure over F?anco; thin figure

over Centimos. measures

in length.

1

franco,

, 25

centimos.

I® Plain paper.

186 ifr 25c on 25c violet

187 2fr 50C on 50c orange

188 3fr 75c on 75c blue
Variety: Surcharge inverted.

l8g 2fr 50c on 50c orange

2® Paper covered with colored network,
igo ifr 25c on 25c violet, red network.

191 2fr 50c on 50c orange, “ “

192 3fr 75c on 75c blue, yellow “

Variety: Surcharge inverted,

193 2fr 50c on 50c orange

VIII. Thin figure of value: francos meas¬
ures 17)^ mm in length and is not punctuated.

6

francos

Paper covered with colored network.

194 5fr on ip gold, yellow network

Vaiiety : “ s ” of francos inverted

195 5fr on ip gold

IX. Thick figure of value ; francos mea¬
sures 13mm in length; period after franco.

5

francos,.

I® Plain paper.
ig6 5fr on ip gold

2“ Paper covered with colored network.
ig7 5fr on ip gold

There are a number of minor varieties of
all these stamps consisting in the relative
positions of the figures of value.

Those varieties with part of centimos or
francos missing were occasioned either by
defective printing or by removal (accidentally
or purposely) and are not worthy of collect¬
ing. We do not catalogue the provisional
stamps of 12)^ and 25 centimos made b}^
cutting diagonally in two the stamps of 25
centimos on 5 centavos and 50 centimos on
10 centavos with or without network, as we
firmly believe that the largest part of these,
if not all, have beSn made to order.

The surcharging of these stamps was not
done owing to a change in the currency as
it has always been supposed, but as a pro¬
tection to the government, a large number of

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.

171

uncancelled stamps of the 1880-81 issue,
having found their way into the hands of
foreign dealers without the government hav¬
ing received any equivalent.

January 1885.

Engraved in iaille douce on white wove
paper.

Size 20j^x26mm.

Perforated 12.

198 ic green, type I.

igg 2c red “ “

200 5c blue “ “

REVENUES USED FOR POSTAGE.

1886.

Typographed on white wove paper; the
I centavo is of the same type as the adhesives
of the 1866-74 issues, the inscriptions in the
upper and lower labels alone differing. The
5 centavos is as annexed cut.

301 IC red, black inscription

302 5c green, “ “

CUBAN STAMPS USED IN SANTO DOMINGO, DURING THE TEMPORARY OCCUPATION
OF A PART OF THE ISLAND BY THE SPANIARDS.

1862-64.

I® Stamps of Cuba of the issue of 1857.

351 >^rpblue

352 irp green

353 2rp red

2® Stamps of Cuba of the issue of 1864.

354 green, rose p

355 irp blue, salmon p

356 2rp vermilion, flesh p

We have seen several of these stamps on
the original letters and cancelled ‘‘Santo
Domingo,” or “Puerto Plata.”

OFFICIAL STAMPS.

No official stamps were ever issued in this Republic. Those chronicled in 1889 as having been issued dur¬
ing that year were merely frauds concocted by some dishonest collector or dealer.

ENVELOPES.

1878.

Stamp typographed in upper left corner,
no value expressed ; laid straw paper.

Size 150x87mm.

401 (i real) black, straw paper
Very little is known abou: this envelope ;
our information was obtained from the cap¬
tain of an American vessel, who bought some
of these envelopes at the Post Office at Santo
Domingo.

1881-85.

Typographed on various papers. Stamp of
same type as adhesives of the i88o issue, in
upper right corner.

I® Size 138x77 mm.

402 2C red, white laid paper

403 2c red, blue “ “

2® Size I40x7gmm.

404 5c blue, straw laid paper

405 5c blue, white “ “

406 5c blue, creamy white laid paper

407 IOC red, white laid paper

408 IOC red, creamy white laid paper

409 IOC red, straw laid paper

410 IOC red, blue “ “

41 1 15c yellow, white laid paper

412 150 yellow, creamy white laid papei

172

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.

413 15c yellow, blue laid paper

414 20c bistre, blue laid paper

3“ Size 153x86mm.

415 IOC red, straw laid paper

416 15c yellow, straw laid paper

417 15c yellow, white “ “

418 15c yellow, creamy white laid paper

419 30c carmine, white laid paper

420 30c carmine, creamy white laid paper

4" Size 157x89mm.

421 20c bistre, straw laid paper

422 20c bistre, white “ “

423 20c bistre, creamy white laid paper

424 30c caimine, straw laid paper

425 30c carmine, blue “ “

5® Size 186x96mm.

426 20c bistre, white laid paper

427 20c bistre, creamy white laid paper

428 25c violet, white laid paper
6® Size 210x93mm.

429 30c carmine, white wove paper

430 40c brown, “ “ “

431 45c purple, ” “ “

432 45c purple, creamy white wove paper

433 60c green, white wove paper
7" Size 240x101mm.

434 30c carmine, blue laid paper

435 40c brown, white “ “

436 40c brown, creamy white laid paper

OFFICIAL

437 40c brown, blue laid paper

438 45c purple, “ “ “

439 45c purple, white wove paper

440 45c purple, straw laid paper

441 60c green, blue laid paper

442 60c green, white “ “

443 60c green, straw “ “

8® Size 278x115mm.

444 75c blue, linen lined blue laid paper
There is also a 50c envelope of this issue,

but we do not know of what size or on what
paper.

1890.

Stamp typographed in upper right corner;
white laid paper.

Size

140x80mm.

445

5c blue

446

IOC orange

447

20c brown violet

ENVELOPES.

January 1881.

Stamp typographed in upper left corner;
various papers.

I® Size 212x94 mm.

501 no value, blue, white wove paper
2® Size 240x102 mm.

502 no value, blue, white laid paper

3® Size 260x110 mm.

503 no value, blue, linen lined blue wove

paper

4® Size 280x117 mm.

504 no value, blue, blue laid paper

505 no value, blue, linen lined blue laid

paper

1884.

Stamp similar to preceding issue, but re¬
touched, and dated 1884 instead of 1880.

I® Size 260x110 mm.

506 no value, blue, linen lined white

wove paper
2® Size 280x117 mm.

507 no value, blue, linen lined white

wove paper

508 no value, blue, linen lined blue wove

paper

WRAPPERS.

1881.

Stamp same type as envelopes of same
date, typographed to the right on manila
paper.

Size 190x314 mm.

601 2c orange

602 3c black

1890.

Stamp same type as envelopes of same date,
typographed to the right on manila paper.

I® Size 158x240 mm.

603 2c red

2® Size 142x310 mm.

604 3c orange

COUNTERFEITS.

Until recently no good forgeries of the first and second issues were in existence, they being all litho¬
graphed instead of type set; lately, however, we have seen very good counterfeits of the two values of
the first issue, they are type 'set and resemble very closely the genuine in type, paper and impression;
those which we have seen are a trifle larger than any of the genuine and the Coat of Arms are different from
any of the twelve varieties on the genuine plate; also, in the genuine, the small cross above the liberty cap
is always clear and is not shaded, while on the counterfeits it is generally indistinct and always shaded with
horizontal lines; the real which we had seen had “ ” spelled " niedto."

These counterfeits are manufactured in Santo Domingo, whence they are sent out, since two or three
months, in small lots with genuine stamps mixed in; no doubt a number of dealers and collectors have been
taken in; we hope that this exposure will prevent our readers being swindled. Up to now we have seen
these counterfeits only in the first issue which is probably due to the fact that the stamps of the second is¬
sue are printed on laid paper, and the forgers have not been able to procure a paper coming near enough to
that on which the genuine were printed.

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.— DUTCH INDIES.

173

The counterfeits of the issues of 1866-73 are easily told by the following points.

1. They are all on ordinary colored wove paper.

2. If an imaginary line is drawn through the centre of a genuine stamp, it will pass between the " t”
and ‘V” of “ while in the counterfeits it will touch the ‘V.”

3. In the genuine the line under“Cic>rwj” never touches the frame at both sides.

4. In the genuine “ Correos" is I2^mm. in width.

5 In the upper left part of the Coat of Arms on the genuine there are seventeen horizontal lines.

Of the subsequent issues no good forgeries are known to us. However, there are some good forgeries of
the 1883 surcharge on the 1880 issue. It will require close comparison to tell these from the genuine.

The annexed cut represents a humbug which was foisted on the philatelic public in 1867 purporting to be
an issue of 1866. The fraud, however, was discovered, but not before a good many European collectors
had been swindled. It comes printed in carmine, red brown, blue and black.

The so called provisional stamp I cent on 2c red chronicled as having been issued in i88g, is a humbug,
probably made by the same enterprising party, who concocted the official stamps of the same year.

DUTCH INDIES.

Currency: 100 cents=i gulden=$o.4I U. S. Currency.
ADHESIVE STAMPS.

April 1st, 1864.

Engraved in taille douce on yellowish white
wove paper. Size 18x20^ mm.

1 IOC carmine (William III)

1868.

Same type, paper, impression, etc., as pre¬
ceding issue.

Perforated 12.

2 IOC carmine

January ist, 1870.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
18x22 mm.

Perforated 14,

3 5c green

4 IOC brown

5 20c ultramarine

6 50c carmine

April 1874.

Same type, paper, etc., as preceding issue-
1“ Perforated 14.

7 ic olive

8 15c bistre

9 25c purple

10 2gl 50c centre green, frame purple

2“ Perforated 13x14.

11 IC olive

12

5c green

13

lOc brown

14

25c purple

15

50c carmine

Vaiietiesi Unperforated.

16 IC olive

17 25c purple

18 2gl 50c centre green, frame purple
1876-77.

Same type, paper, etc., as preceding with
exception of the ic which has been retouched,
CENT measuring 7J^mm. instead of S^mm.
I® Perforated 12.

ig IC olive ,

20 2c violet brown

21 2c red brown

22 2j^c yellow (1877

23 5c green

24 IOC brown

25 15c bistre

26 20c ultramarine

27 25c purple

28 50c carmine

29 2gl 50c centre green, frame purple
V arieties:

a. Error.

30 2c yellow

b. Unperforated.

31 IC olive

32 2c red brown

33 2j^c yellow

2® Perforated I2)^xi2.

34 IC olive

35 2c red brown

36 2c violet brown

37 2j^c yellow

38 5c green

39 IOC brown

40 15c bistre

41 20c ultramarine

42 25c purple

43 50c carmine

3® Perforated 13.

44 Ic olive

174

DUTCH INDIES.

45 IOC brown

46 20c ultramarine

4® Perforated 13x12.

47 ic olive

5° Perforated 11^x12.

48 5c green

6® Perforated 131^.

48a IC olive

7® Perforated 131^x13.

48b IOC brown

1883-84.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
18x22 mm.

I® Perforated 12.

49 2c brown (July 1884)

50 2j4c orange

2® Perforated I2j^xi2.

51 2c brown

52 2J4c orange
1886-89.

Same type, impression, paper, etc., as is¬
sues of 1870-77, (Portrait of William III.)

Perforated I2j^.

53 IOC brown

54 I2j^cgray

55 30c green (1889)

56 50c carmine
1886-90.

Same type, impression, etc. , as issues of
1883-84. (Figure of value in circle.)

I® Perforated 12)^.

57 3c lilac (1890)

58 5C green

59 5C ultramarine (1889)

60 5c carmine (1890)

61 I2j^c gray “

2® Perforated I2)^xi2.

62 IC olive

The list of stamps of Dutch Indies as
given above, is certainly the most complete
one ever published; we have not the slightest
doubt, however, that it is still incomplete, as
we have catalogued only those perforations
which we have seen.

UNPAID LETTER STAMPS.

1846.

Type set in black on bluish wove paper;
there are two types, one with the value ex¬
pressed in doits, ‘^duiten” and the other one
with the value in florins and copper, “Jl.
koper." The amount to be collected was
written in separately, in the space left for it,
preceding the currency. Sizes, respectively
45x21mm, and 57x21mm.

,Aangebragt per Land -Mail.

'v. , \

T^betalen port duiten.

Batavia,

Aangcbragt per ^Land_-_Mail.
Te.betalen port / koper,

Bat.avia , .

101 duiten, black on blue paper

102 Jl. Koper, black on blue paper

Very little is known about these stamps;
the specimens from which above cuts were
copied are dated November and February
1846; they were discovered by the late Mr.
Voigt, U. S. Consul at Manila, while
travelling in the Sunda Islands. Their
authenticity is beyond question; it is more
likely that other types and varieties exist, in
fact we have heard of a third type but have not
seen it. Any additional information on the
subject will greatly oblige us and our readers.

April 1874.

Typographed in black on white or colored
wove paper. Sizes; 5c, I7j4x2i J^mm.; 10
and 20C, 17)4x22 mm.

KUijtvd

Perforated 14.

103 5c yellow, white paper

104 IOC green, yellow paper

105 20c green, blue paper

August 1875.

Same type as preceding issue, typographed
on colored wove paper. Size 17)4x22 mm.
Perforated 12.

106 IOC green, yellow paper

107 15c yellow, orange paper

108 20c green, blue paper

1882-88.

Typographed on white wove paper, the
numerals of value being printed in separately
in black.

There are four types of each of the values
with the exception of the 30c, of which there
are only three types. These four types
correspond with the four unpaid letter
stamps of the 1874-75 issues. We illustrate
here the four types, considerably enlarged in
order to facilitate comparison.

Type I corresponds with the 15c of the
1875 issue.

Type II corresponds with the 20c of the
1874 issue.

Type III corresponds with the loc of the
1874 issue.

Type IV corresponds with the 5c of the
1874 issue.

In type I, if the vertical branch of the T
of Betalen should continue downwards, it
would pass through the centre of the upper
loop of the chain; the O of Port is oval and
there are 34 loops in the chain.

DUTCH INDIES.

175

Type I.

Type III.

In type II, if the vertical branch of the T
should continue downvifards it would pass
between the two upper loops of the chain;
the O of Port is round and there are 33 loops
in the chain.

Type III is similar to type I, but the O of
Port is round and there are 32 loops in the
chain.

In type IV the letters of Port are much
larger than in the other types and there are
37 loops in the chain.

There are other minor differences, but the
above will be sufficient, in connection with
the illustration, to show the differences in
the types.

The plates of the various values were made
up as follows, each plate consisting of two
hundred stamps.

Plates of the 1% and 40c.

44

stamps

of

Type I.

43

“ II.

99

“ III.

^4

“ IV.

Plates of the 5c.

44

stamps

of

Type 1.

43

1 <

“ II.

100

1 4

“ III.

13

4 4

“ IV.

Plates

of the 10, 15 and

44

stamps

of

Type I.

43

“

“ II.

no

“

“ III.

3

“ IV.

Plate of the 30c.

36

stamps

of

Type I.

21

‘ ‘

“ II.

143

“ III.

Type II.

Type IV.

Plate of the 50c.

42 stamps of type I.

43 “ “ II.

112 ” “ III.

3 - “ IV.

Plate of the 75c.

44 stamps of Type I.

43 “ “ II.

100 “ “ III.

13 “ IV.

What we say here in regard to the Un¬
paid letter stamps of the Dutch Indies, ap¬
plies also to the types of those of Curacao,
but not having complete sheets of those
stamps at hand, we do not know how the
plates were constructed ; so far we have not
seen any of the values in Type IV.

Type III. Type IV. Type V.

176

DUTCH INDIES.

1“ Perforated

I2j^XI2.

117

109

2)^c carmine

: and black Type I.

II8

no

5C

‘ ‘ I'ype 11.

III

15c

“ Type 111.(1883)

ri2

20c •*

“ Type IV.

1 19

113

40c “

“ Type V.

120

2“ Perforated

13-

X14

2j^c carmine

and black

I2I

115

5c

‘ ‘

116

IOC “

(1883)

122

20c carmine and black

75c “ “ Type III.

3° Perforated 12.

5c carmine and black
50c “ “ Type 111.(1886)

4" Perforated 12)^.

30c carmine and black Type IV.(i888)

5" Perforated I3>^xi3.

2)^c carmine and black

ENVELOPES.

January 1st, 1878.

Stamp, type of adhesives of 1870 issue,
typographed in upper right corner on yellow¬
ish white wove paper.

Size 150x82 mm.

Shape I.

201 IOC brown

202 25c purple

1879. »

Same as preceding issue but on white wove
paper.

Size 150x82 mm.

Shape I.

203 IOC brown

204 20c ultramarine

205 25c purple

1881.

Same envelope as preceding issue but sur¬
charged diagonally across stamp, brief
OMSLAG TIEN CENT in three lines.

Size 150x82 mm.

1“ Shape II.

a. Yellowish white wove paper.

206 IOC brown and black

b. White wove paper.

207 IOC brown and black

2“ Shape I.

White wove paper.

208 IOC brown and black

Note. — The reason of the surcharge was
to enable the postal clerks to distinguish
stamps cut from envelopes from the ad¬
hesives, many of the former being used as >
such contrary to the postal regulations.

1885-86,

Stamp typographed in upper right corner,
on white wove paper.

Size 150x82 mm.

Shape II.

209 IOC brown

210 I2)4c gray (Nov. 1885)

1887.

Same as issue of January 1878, on white
wove paper.

Size 150x82 mm.

Shape I.

212 25c mauve

1888.

Provisional issue.

25 cent envelopes of the 1878 and 1887
issues surcharged with new value in black.

Size 150x82 mm.

Shape I.

White wove paper.

213 15c on 25c purple,

214 15c on 25c mauve
Varietits: Double surcharge.

215 15x15c on 25c purple

216 15x15c on 25c mauve

DUTCH INDIES.— EASTERN ROUMELIA.

177

End 1888.

Stamp, of same type as issue of 1885-86,
typographed in upper right corner on white
wove paper.

Size 150x82 mm.
Shape II.

217 15c bistre

FRANK ENVELOPES.

Envelopes of the 3d Congress of Indian
Agriculture at Soerabaya, having franking
privilege according to governmental decree
of 13 March 1876.

Size 145x60mm.

a. White laid paper.

301 no value, rose

302 “ blue

303 “ mauve

304 “ green

305 “ bistre

b. Orange laid paper.

306 no value, rose

307 “ green

308 “ mauve

COUNTERFEITS.

There are no good forgeries of ihe stamp of the Dutch Indies. They are lithographed and easily distin¬
guished from the genuine. Forged surcharges of the 25c envelopes, (so-called second type) are in existence;
as there is however only one type of the genuine surcharge, all others are counterfeits.

EASTERN ROUMELIA.

Currency: 40 PARAS==i Piastre=$o.o5 U. S. Curerncy.

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

January 19th, 1881.

Stamps of Turkey of different issues, sur¬
charged with new name in various ways.

I. Surcharged in blue R. O. (Roumeiie
Orientate.')

1° Surcharged on the stamps of Turkey
of the issue of January 1876.

Perforated 13^2.

1 J^pi green and black, blue surcharge

2 2pi red brown and black “

2“ Surcharged on the stamps of Turkey
of the issue of September 1876.

Perforated I3j^.

3 lopa rose lilac and black, blue surcharge

4 20pa plum and green “

5 ipi blue and black “

6 2pi orange and black “

7 5pi red and blue “

Varieties:

a. The Bkhe.

8 20pa plum and green, blue surcharge

b. Surcharge inverted.

9 2opa plum and green, blue surcharge

II. Surcharged Roumeiie Orientalev\\A\xt,

1“ Surcharged on the stamps of Turkey
of the issue of April 1876.

Perforated I3j^.

10 lopa lilac and black, blue surcharge

11 2opa green and black “

12 ipi yellow and black “

2" Surcharged on the stamps of Turkey
of the issue of September 1876.

Perforated 13^.

13 lOpa rose lilac and black, blue surcharge
3® Surcharged on stamp No. 3 of Eastern

Roumelia.

Perforated 13

14 lopa rose Mac and lilac, blue surcharge

January 19th and March 1881.
Typographed on white wove paper. Size
19)4x23 mm.

178

EASTERN ROUMELIA.— ECUADOR.

Perforated

15 5pa olive and black

16 lopa green “

17 20pa rose “

18 ipi blue “

19 5pi red and blue
Varieties:

a. Unperforated.

20 5pa olive and black

21 lopa green “

22 20pa rose “

23 ipi blue “

24 5pi red and blue ^

b. Tete Biche.

Perforated 13^.

25 spa olive and black

26 lopa green “

27 2opa rose “

28 ipi blue “

29 5pi red and blue

c. Tete Beche.

Un perforated.

30 Spa olive and black

31 lOpa green “

32 20pa rose “

33 ipi blue “

34 Spi red and blue

d. Unperforated vertically.

35 20pa rose and black

e. With period after I.

36 ipi blue and black

f. Error in the sheet of 20 paras.

37 lopa rose and black
July 1884,

Same type, impression, paper, etc., as pre¬
ceding issue.

Perforated IIJ^.

38 Spa olive and black

39 lopa green “

40 20pa rose “

41 ipi blue “

42 Spi red and blue

Varieties:

a. THe BicJie.

43 Spa olive and black

44 lopa green “

45 Ipi blue “

b. In the plate of i piastre a cliche of a
I piastre Turkey was inserted by error.

46 Ipi blue and black (Turkey)

September 1884.

Same type, impression, paper, etc., as
preceding issue. The groundwork is of the
same color as the design but of a paler shade.
1“ Perforated iij^.

47 Spa violet and pale violet

48 lopa green and pale green

49 2opa rose and pale rose

50 ipi dark blue and pale blue

51 5pi brown and pale brown

2“ Perforated 13)^.

52 spi brown and pale brown
Varieties:

a. Unperforated.

53 Spa violet and pale viotet

54 lopa green and pale green

55 20pa rose and pale rose

56 Ipi dark blue and pale blue

57 5pi brown and pale brown

b. Perforated ii)4 horizontally and 13)^
vertically.

58 ipi dark blue and pale blue

COUNTERFEITS.

Forged surcharges on genuine Turkish stamps are plentiful; they are mostly to be found on cancelled
specimens, and careful inspection will generally show the surcharge to be over the cancellation; as a posi¬
tive test, however, comparison with a genuine is necessary.

ECUADOR.

Currency: 8 reales=ioo centavos=i peso or i sucre=$o.8o U. S. Currency.

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

January 1st, 1865.

Lithographed on various papers. Size 19X
23mm.

1“ White wove p^per.

1 YiX blue

2 ir green

3 ir yellow

4 ir buff
Varieties :

a. Laid paper.

5 ir yellow

b. I real stamps cut diagonally in two,
each half being used as a real,

6 Yv yellow (half of i real)

2“ White oblong quadrille paper.

7 ir yellow

The stamps of i real yellow and buff were
used for foreign postage and the others for
inland postage. ,

Reprints.

1890.

P White wove paper.

8 Y’'

9 Ir light green

Da Ir dark green

10 Ir deep yellow

2° White oblong quadrille paper.

11 Ir deep yellow

July 1866.

Lithographed on white wove paper, two
types, side by side on the sheet. Sizes : 1st
type, i8)4^x23)^mm; 2d type, 19x2314mm.

12 4r red, ist type

13 41 red, 2d type,

ECUADOR.

179

The difference between the ist and 2d
types consists in the size of the oval, which
in the second type is a milimetre wider
than in the first one.

Varieties : Printed on both sides.

14 4r red, 1st type

15 4r red, 2d type

Reprints.

1890.

White wove paper.

16 hr red, 1st type

17 hr red, 2d type

1872.

Same as issue of January 1865, but litho¬
graphed on thin bluish wove paper.

18 ir yellow
Reprints.

1890.

Bluish wove paper.

19 Ir yellow

1873.

Lithographed on white wove paper, vary¬
ing in thickness; the real and i peso are
of the same type. Sizes: Yz real and i peso,
average 20j^x22j^ mm; i real, average 19
x22‘4mm.

i» Perforated ii.

20 J^r blue

21 ir orange

22 ir yellow

23 ip rose

Variety : Without period after medio.

24 J^rblue

2“ Perforated loj^xri, irregularly.

25 J^rblue

Variety ; Without period after medio.

26 J^rblue

3° Perforated 6x6j^, irregularly.

27 ir yellow

4“ Perforated 6x8j^, irregularly.

28 Ir yellow

5° Perforated 6xii, irregularly.

29 ip rose

6° Perforated 7.

30 ip rose

7“ Perforated 7x8, irregularly.

31 ir yellow

8” Perforated 7xii, irregularly.

32 ir yellow

9“ Perforated 7x12, irregularly.

33 rp rose

10° Perforated 8.

34 ir yellow

1 1” Perforated 8x9, irregularly.

35 ir yellow

12° Perforated 8x11, irregularly.

36 ir yellow

13“ Perforated 8j^xio, irregularly.

37 ir yellow

1873-

Same as preceding issue but with embos¬
sing on back as per annexed cut.

no mill (I It
noil II ii II II
1“ Perforated 7x8, irregularly.

38 ip rose

2" Perforated 8J^.

39 ip rose

3" Perforated 9,

40 ip rose •

4" Perforated 9x10, irregularly.

41 ip rose

5® Perforated 9x11^4, irregularly.

42 ip rose

6° Perforated iixi2, irregularly.

43 Ip rose

7® Perforated 12x8x9x15.

44 ip rose

All perforations chronicled above have
been seen by us, all the i peso being un¬
used with exception of those perforated ii.
As the stamps of this value were to be ob¬
tained at Paris a few years ago at less than
face value, it is presumed that a large lot of
these stamps were refused by the govern¬
ment, their experience with the stamps of i
real with large perforations having been suffi¬
cient not to want any more of them.
Moens, Evans and others catalogue this
issue as being perforated 10; we have not
been able to discover a single specimen with
this perforation among thousands of these
stamps.

1881.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
19x23mm.

Perforated 12.

45 ic brown

46 2C lake

47 5c blue

48 IOC orange

49 20C slate violet

50 50c green

Varieties :

a. IOC stamps cut diagonally in two, each
half being used as a 5c.

i8o

ECUADOR.

51 5c orange (half of loc)

b. 20c stamps cut diagonall)' in two, each
half being used as loc.

52 IOC slate violet (half of 20c)

May 1883.

Provisional issue.

50c stamps surcharged in black with new
value.

Perforated 12.

53 IOC on 50c green, black surcharge

1885.

Perforated 12.

54 2c bistre and black, violet surcharge

55 5c vermilion “ “ “

It is a question whether this is not a can¬
cellation instead of a surcharge.

1887.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
20kfX22^mm.

Provisional issue.

Revenue stamps of 1884-85, surcharged in
violet “Union Postal Guayaquil” and date.

REVENUES USED FOR POSTAGE.

Perforated 12,

56 ic green

57 2c vermilion

58 5c blue

59 80c gray

1884-1885.

Typographed on white wove paper. The
date is printed separately in black in lower
label. Size 22^x35mm.

Perfoiated 12.

101 IC blue and black

102 2c bistre “

103 5c vermilion “

104 IOC orange “

105 50c green “

1886-1887.

1“ Same as preceding issue but different
date in lower label.

Ptrforated 12.

106 IC blue and black

107 2c bistre “

108 5c vermilion “

log IOC orange “

2® Revenue stamps of 1881-1882 issue
surcharged in black “ 1886-1887.”

Perforated 12..

no 2oc violet, black surcharge

111 50c green “ “

112 ip brown “ “

1887-1888. ■*

Typographed on white wove paper; the
date is printed at the same time as the re¬
mainder of the stamp. Size 22^x35111111.

Perforated 12.

II3

IC slate

II4

2c lake

II5

qc brown

II6

IOC orange

II7

IS green

1889-1890.

Stamps of preceding issue, surcharged in
black “ 1889-1890.”

Perforated 12,

1 18 ic slate, black surcharge

lig 2c lake, “ “

OFFICIAL STAMPS.

1886.

Regular postage stamps, of issue of 1881,

surcharged in black
various ways.

GFIOIAL

ECUADOR

I8l

Perforated 12.

i’>Surcharged horizontally.

201 ic brown and black

202 2C lake “

203 5c blue “

204 IOC orange “

205 2CC slate violet “

206 50c green “

Varieties : Surcharge inverted.

207 IC brown and black

208 2C lake “

20Q 5c blue ‘ ‘

210 IOC orange “

211 20c slate violet “

212 50c green “

2° Surcharged vertically.

213 ic brown and black

214 2C lake “

215 5 c blue “

216 IOC orange “

217 20c slate violet “

218 50c green “

Varieties : Surcharge inverted.

219 IC brown and black

220 2c lake “

221 5c blue “

222 IOC orange “

223 20c slate violet “

224 50C green “

3" Surcharged diagonally from left to
right.

225 IC brown and black

226 2c lake “

227 5c blue “

228 IOC orange “

229 20c slate violet “

230 50c green “

Varieties : Surcharge inverted.

231 IC brown and black

232 2c lake ' “

233 5c blue “

234 IOC orange “

235 20c slate violet “

236 50c green “

4" Surcharged diagonally from right to

left.

237 IC brown and black

238 2c lake “

239 5c blue “

240 IOC orange “

241 20c slate violet “

242 50c green “

Varieties: Surcharge inverted.

243 IC brown and black

244 2c lake “

245 5c blue “

246 IOC orange “

247 20c slate violet ‘ ‘

248 50c green “

1887.

Regular postage stamps of same date
surcharged as preceding issue.

Perforated 12.

I” Surcharged horizontally.

249 IC green and black

250 2c vermilion “

251 5c blue “

252 80c gray “

Varieties: Surcharge inverted.

253 IC green and black

254 2c vermilion “

255 5c blue “

256 80c gray “

.® Surcharged vertically.

257 ic green and black

258 2c vermilion “

259 5c blue “

260 80c gray “

Varieties: Surcharge inverted.

261 ic green and black

262 2c vermilion “

263 5c blue “

264 80c gray “

3® Surcharged diagonally from left to
right.

265 IC green and black

266 2c vermilion “

267 5c blue “

268 80c gray “

Varieties : Surcharge inverted.

269 IC green and black

270 2c vermilion “

271 5c blue “

272 80c gray “

4“ Surcharged diagonally from right, to

left.

273 IC green and blqck

274 2c vermilion •*

275 5c blue “

276 80c gray “

Varieties : Surcharge inverted.

277 ic green and black

278 2c vermilion “

279 5c blue “

280 80c gray “

ENVELOPES.

1887.

Stamp typographed in upper right corner
laid piper of various colors.

Size 140x82mm.

401 5c blue, white laid paper

402 5c blue, blue “

403 5c blue, straw “

404 5c blue, orange “

405 IOC orange, white “

406 IOC orange, blue “

407 IOC orange, straw laid paper

408 IOC orange, orange, “
i8go.

Size 125x80mm.

408a 5c blue on orange laid paper

I® Size 140x82mm.

409 5c blue, white laid paper

i82

ECUADOR.

410

5c blue, blue laid paper

5c blue, straw “

413

5c blue, white laid paper

4II

414

5c blue, blue “

412

5c blue, orange “

415

5c blue, straw “

2®

Size 150x91mm.

416

5c blue, orange “

PROVISIONAL ISSUE.

1891.

Size 140x82mm.

417 5c on IOC orange, white laid paper

418 5c on IOC orange, straw “

• 419 5c on IOC orange, blue “

420 5c on IOC orange, otange '•

COUNTERFEITS.

All Ecuador stamps have been counterfeiled, but most of them are of such poor workmanship that any
collectorcan detect them with but little difficulty. Very good counterfeits of the 4 reales red 1866, both
types, were made some three or four years ago; they are distinguished from the genuine by the following
points;

Counterfeit of type I. The ornaments at the sides of the label containing the inscription of value {Cuairo
Reales) consist of a circle containing a dot, while in the genuine the ornaments consist simply of an irregular
and indistinct curved line. The label containing the inscription of value measures 21 *4 mm in length on the
counterfeit and 22mm on the genuine. The counterfeits are printed in a much darker shade than the genuine.

Counterfeits of type II. The letters inthe upper label (Correas Ecuador), are smaller and the head of the eagle
thinner than in the genuine. The ornaments at the sides of the lower label consist of a perfectly formed circle,
while in the genuine they are inegular and blurred. The counterfeits of this type are also printed in a
darker shade than the genuine.

There is a splendid forgery of the Yz real 1872, which is however easily told by the following points.

1“ It is smaller than the genuine, measuring only 19^x22 mm. 2“ It is printed in dull blue on thin
paper. 3° The line immediately over the label containing the value is quite close to the label and does not
touch the circle containing the coat of arms. 4“ It exists in perforations ii and 14.

We shall now describe a number of humbugs and frauds which at various times have been foisted on the
philatelic public.

The first to appear, many years ago, were 2 reales green, 8 reales yellow and 12 reales red, same type as
the stamps of the first issue and purporting to be a complement to that issue.

In 1882-83 the following so called provisionals were originated by some enterprising paity and were and
are still catalogued by most compilers.

4c on I real orange, black surcharge; of this there is a variety with inverted surcharge; 5c on'2oc slate
violet, black surcharge, same type as the bona fide loc on 50c of 1883; 3c on ic brown, red surcharge.

In 1884 a fraudulent set of official stamps were manufactured by surcharging thecurrent set of adhesives
with the word OFICIAL; theyare however readily told from the genuine officials, which were issued two years
later, by the size of the surcharge, '"which on the frauds is 17mm in length by 5mm in height instead of
22x3l4niff‘ as on the genuine.

In 1889 a so-called newly discoverd type of the 4 reales 1866 was made by the same parties who coun¬
terfeited the two known types of the same stamp. The principal feature of this fraud consists, as will
be seen in annexed cut, in the eagle’s head being turned to the right instead of to the left; the size is
iox25^mm. which is considerably larger than any of the genuine types.

EGYPT.

183

EGYPT.

Currency: 40 parAS=i piastre=iooo milliemes=ioo PiASTRES=r pound=$4.87 CJ. S. Currency.

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

January ist, 1866.

Typographed on white wove paper, sur¬
charged in black with inscriptions in Arabic,
reading as follows: i“, inscription in the cen¬
tre, the loop of which should point upwards,
Masr (Egypt); 2“, inscription to the right,
Tamghai (Stamp); 3“, inscription at top,
Posta (Post); 4°, inscription to the left, Mastie
(Egyptian); 5“, inscription at bottom, the
value in Turkish, Size

Perforated i2}4-

1“ Watermarked

/

Z—

1 5pa (iesc/i para) slate green

2 lopa {onn para) brown

3 20pa [yguirmi para) blue

■4 2pia (?;4z ^niM.fr^]^orange

5 5pia (besch grousch) rose

6 lopia (pnn grousch) slate
2“ Unwatermarked,

7 ipia {bir grousch) rose lilac
Varieties :

a. Surcharge inverted, caused by an occas¬
ional r/iV/i/ being inverted in the plate.

8 5pa slate green

9 lopa brown

10 2opa blue

11 ipia rose lilac

12 2pia orange

13 5pia rose

14 lopia slate

b. Tele Beche, one of which, naturally
having the surcharge inverted resulting
from the same cause as preceding variety.

15 5pa slate green

16 lOpa brown

17 20pa blue

18 ipia rose lilac

19 2pia orange

20 5pia rose

21 lopia slate

c. Unperforated.

22 5pa slate green

23 lopa brown

24 2opa blue

25 ipia rose lilac

26 2pia orange

27 5pia rose

28 lopia slate

These exist in the same varieties as the
regular stamps.

d. Unperforated vertically.

29 spa slate green

30 lopa brown

31 2opa blue

32 ipia ro-e lilac

33 2pia orange

34 Spia rose

35 lOpia slate

These come in the same varieties as the
regular stamps.

e. Unperforated horizontally.

36 spa slate green

37 lopa brown

38 2opa blue

39 ipia rose lilac

40 2pia orange

41 spia rose

42 lOpia slate

These are also to be found in the same
varieties as the regular stamps.

f. Error, surcharged onn grousch on the
5 piastres stamp, unperforated.

43 (pnn grousch) YosQ

g. Same as variety “f” but perforated 12)^,

44 Spia (onn grousch) rose

h. Error, surcharged besch grojfsch on the

10 piastres stamp.

Perforated s-

45 lopia (besch grousch) slate

Varieties f, g and h exist with inverted

surcharge and tete beche.

W Uh the exception of the 1 piastre all the
unperf orated miwatermarked stamps of this
issue are proofs and not reprints. The proof
op the I piastre is on paper ivith a somewhat
higher glaze than the genuine stamps.

July 16. 1867.

Provisional Issue.

2 piastre stamps cut diagonally in tw'o
each half being used as a i piastre.

Perforated I2)4.

46 ipia yellow (half of 2pia)

Variety: Unperforated

47 ipia yellow (half of 2pia)

Both the perforated and unperforated come
with surcharge inverted.

August 1867.

Lithographed on white wove paper
There are four varieties of each value, re¬
peated in blocks of four throughout the p’late.
The Arabic inscription in upper label is

184

EGYPT.

Tamghai Posta Masrid (Egyptian Postage
Stamp), and in the lower label the value is
also in Arabic. Size 24xi9)^mm. Water-

Perforated 15, 12)^.

48 5pa {Kamsa fadda) yellow

49 lopa (Ac/iara fadda) slate

50 lopa ( “ )violet

51 20pa {Aclirin fadda) yellow green

52 20pa(. “ ) blue green

53 I pi a {Kerch waked) red

54 2pia {Kerchett waited) blue

55 5pia {Khamsat Kroitch) brown

Varieties:

a. Unperforated.

56 Spa yellow

57 20pa yellow green

58 ipia red

59 2pia blue

b. Unpsrforated vertically and perforated
12)^ horizontally.

60 spa orange

61 ipia red

c. Rouletted.

62 ipia red

d. Pin perforated.

63 ipia red

e. Rouletted horizont.ally and perforated
vertically.

64 SP^ yellow

6s 2pia blue

f. Rouletted vertically and perforated hor¬
izontally.

66 2piablue

g. Printed on both sides.

67 20pa yellow green

68 ipia red

h. 10 paras stamps cut in two each half
being used as a S paras.

69 spa- violet (half of lopa)

i. I piastre stamps cut in two each half
being used as a 20 paras.

70 20pa red (half of ipia)

January ist 1872.

Lithographed on white wove paper, water-
markel a Crescent and Star. The Arabic
inscription in upper label is Posta Khedevie
Masrie^foih office of the Egyptian Khedivale);
the left label bears the value also in Arabic.
Size 24)4x19 mm.

I" Perforated I2)4-

71 Spa brown

72 lopa lilac

73 lopa mauve

74 lopa gray

75 2opa blue

76 20pa gray blue

77 Ipia rose

78 ipia vermilion

79 2pia yellow

80 2pia orange yellow

81 lYz f\.'i.{Kerchen wanes f) y'loXoX

82 Spia- green

2” Perforated I3)4i

83 Spa brown

84 lopa lilac

8s lopa mauve

86 lopa gray

87 2opa blue

88 2opa gray blue

89 ipia rose

90 ipia vermilion

91 2pia ymllow

92 2pia orange yellow

93 ? 2)4 pia violet

94 ? spia green

3“ Perforated 12)4, 13)4

95 spa brown

96 lOpa lilac

97 lopa gray

98 . 20pa blue

99 20pa gray blue
100 ipia rose

I or ipia vermilion

102 2pia yellow

103 2pia orange yellow

104 ? 2)4pia violet

105 ? Spia green
Varieties :

a. 'Pete Beche.

106 Sp3- brown

107 lopa mauve

108 ipia rose

109 ipia vermilion

no 2 pia yellow

111 2)4 pia violet

b. Unperforated.

1 12 Spa brown

1 13 lOpa lilac

1 14 lopa mauve

115 20pa gray

1 16 2opa blue

1 17 20pa gray blue

118 Ipia rose

1 19 ipia vermilion

120 2pia yellow

121 2pia orange yellow

122 2)4pia violet

123 spia green

c. Diagonal half of of 20 paras used as
lopa.

124 lopa gray blue (half of 2cpa)

1875.

While preparing the plate before printing
a new supply of the Spa, the side labels were
misplaced by mistake, the one with the Ara¬
bic inscriptions being placed to the right in¬
stead of to the left and vice versa with the
other one, thus causing the numerals in the
corners to be inverted.

1“ Perforated 12)4.

125 5pa brown

2“ Perforated 13)4.

126 spa brown

3° Perforated 12)4, ^3/4-

127 Spa brown

Varieties :

a. Unperforated horizontally and perfor¬
ated vertically.

128 Spa brown

b. THe Biche.

129 Spa brown

These two varieties probably exist in the
three perforations.

EGYPT.

i8s

January 1st 1879.

Provisional Issue.

In order to use up their stock of
piastres, vrhich were used but very little, the
Egyptian government caused the remainder
of these stamps to be surcharged respectively
5 and 10 paras.

Perforated 12

130 5p.i on '2,% p’a violet, black surcharge

131 lopa on pia “ “ “

140 2opa ultramarine

141 ipia rose

142 2pia yellow

143 5pia green
Varieties: Unperforated.

144 spa brown

145 lopa lilac rose

146 2opa ultramarine

147 ipia rose

148 2pia yellow

149 Spia green
1881-82.

Same type, impression, watermark, etc. as
preceding issue.

Perforated 14.

150 lopa lilac brown (i88i)

151 lopa gray (1882)

February 1884.

V arieties:

a. Tete Beche.

132 Spa on 2j^pia violet

133 lopa on 2j^pia “

b. Unperforated.

134 Spa on 2j^pia violet

135 iopacn2j^pia “

c. Surcharge inverted.

136 Spa on 2j^pia violet

137 lopa on 2j4pia “

April 1st 1879.

Engraved in taille douce on white wove
paper watermarked a Crescent and Star; the
Arabic inscription in lower label reads Pasta
Masrid (Egyptian Post office); the value is
given in Arabic in the right label. Size 22*4
xi8^mm.

Perforated 14.

138 Spa brown

139 lopa lilac rose

Provisional issue.

S piastres stamps of 1879 issue surcharged
in black with new value.

Perforated 14.

IS2 20pa on Spia green

Variety: Surcharge inverted.
I S3 20pa on Spia green
December 1884.

Same type, impression, watermark, etc. as
issue of April, 1879.

Perforated 14.

154 lopa green

15 5 20pa rose

156 ipia ultramarine

157 spia gray
1888-89.

Engraved in taille douce on white wove
paper, «aterma ked a Crescent and .Star;
the Ar.ibic inscription is now in upper label
and the French in lower label. Size 22j4x
i3^ mm.

Perforated 14.

158 im brown

159 2m green

160 Sai carmine

161 lopia violet

UNPAID LETTER STAMPS.

January ist, 1884.

Lithographed on white wove paper, water¬
marked Crescent and Star. Size 22)4xi8%'

A PERCEVOm

m

EGYPT.

1 86

Perforated lo^.

201 lopa vermilion

202 2opa “

203 ipia

204 2pia ‘ ‘

205 5pia
Varieties :

a. Unperforated vertically.

206 2opa vermilion

b. Unwatermarked

207 5pia vermilion

Major Evans in his catalogue doubts the
authenticity of this stamp.

August 1886.

Same type, impression, etc., as preceding
issue, but on unwatermarked paper.

Perforated 10^.

2c8 lopa vermilion

209 2opa “

210 ipia “

21 1 2pia “

January ist 188S.

Lithographed on white wove paper, size
22j4xi8J4 tnm.

January 1st 1887.

Stamp embossed in upper right corner;
white laid paper.

Size I46xirimm.

301 ipia ultramarine

Perforated iij^.

212 2m green

213 5 m carmine

214 ipia blue

215 2pia yellow

216 spia gray
1889.

Lithographed on white wove paper, water¬
marked Crescent and Star. Size 22j4xl8
mm.

Perforated 14.

217 2m green

218 4m carmine

219 ipia blue

220 2pia orange

ENVELOPES.

3" Size 176x116mm
305 2pia orange

December i8th, i88g.

Stamp embossed in upper right corner,
bluish laid paper, watermarked “Posies
Egypiieitnes" in italics.

January ist 1889.

Stamp embossed in upper right corner, the
I piastre being of the same type as preceding
issue; bluish laid paper, watermarked “Posies
Egypiiennes" in italics.

1“ Size 120x95mm.

302 ipia ultramarine

2® Size 146x111mm.

303 ipia ultramarine

304 2pia orange

Size 108x71 mm.

306 im brown

307 2m green

March 1st, i8go.

Stamp embossed in upper right corner;
bluish laid paper, watermarked “-Posies Egyp-
tiennes ” in italics.

I® Size 120x95mm.

308 5m carmine

2" Size 146x111mm.

309 5m carmine

EGYPT.

187

LETTER SHEETS.

December i8th, 1889.

Sheet of thick blue wove paper, measuring
120x185mm. with flaps at top and at upper
sides so as to form an envelope when folded.
The stamp is of the same type as the enve¬
lope of I piastre and is embossed in upper
right corner. To the left of the stamp is a
French inscription, reading '' Envelope Lettre”
with equivalent Arabic inscription above.

January ist, 1889.

Stamp same type as adhesives of issue o^
same date, typographed to the right on ma*
nila paper.

351 ipia blue
March 1st, 1890.

Similar to preceding issue in size and
shape, the stamp being of the same type as the
envelope of 5 milliemes; thick buff wove
paper.

352 5m carmine

Size 126x215mm.

401 im brown

402 2m green

OFFICIAL STAMPS.

These stamps are issued by the Egyptian
government to the different post offices to
frank all registered official correspondence
between those offices. The fact that they
were mostly used on the flap of the envelopes
has led many people to believe that they
were only seals, instead of stamps; the rea¬
son for this is to be found in the custom pre¬
vailing among the Orientals of placing the
stamps on the back of the letter instead of on
the face, as was also the case with the Turk¬
ish and the early Russian envelopes. That
theEgyptian Government considered them as
having franking power instead of being
merely seals is clearly established by the fact
that the postal clerks were required to can¬
cel them.

1864.

Lithographed in black on colored wove
paper, size: Diameter 39mm.

501 Alessandria, buff

502 Atfe, ?

503 Benha, dark green

504 Birket el Sab, red

505 Cairo, light brown

506 Damanhour, ?

507 Damiata, rose

508 Galiut, ?

509 Kafer-Zayat, light brown

510 Mansura, ?

511 Michalia, yellow

512 Samanud, yellow-green

513 Suez, ?

514 Tanta, yellow

515 Zagasik, yellow-orange

516 Zifta, light blue

1865.

Lithographed in black on colored wove
paper of various thicknesses. Size: Diameter
34mm.

517 Abuhomus, pale rose

518 Alessandria, “

519 Atfe, yellow

520 Atfe, brown

520a Benha, gray green

520b “ buff

521 Birket el Sab, orange

522 Cairo, yellow-green

523 “ purple

524 Damanhour, slate

525 Damiata, light yellow

526 Galiub, green

527 Kafer Duar, dark blue

528 Kafer-Zayat, dark brown

529 Mansura, slate

530 Michalia, pearl gray

531 Ramie, brown buff"

532 Samanud, blue-green

533 “ yellow-green

534 Suez, flesh

535 Tanta, dark blue

536 Teh el Barud, dark blue

537 “ sea green

538 “ dark gray

539 Took, brown

540 Zagazik, light green

541 Zifta, gray

542 “ magenta
Varieties: Errors in spelling.

543 Abahomos, light brown

544 "Vtfe, yellow

545 Zagasik, light green
1867.

Lithographed in color on white wove paper.
Size: Diameter 39mm.

i88

EGYPT.

546 Abuhomus, carmine

547 ‘ ‘ dark brown

548 Alessandria, red violet

549 Atfe, blue

550 Benha, gray

551 Bilbes, yellow ochre

552 Birket el Sab, Russian green

553 Cairo, black

554 Costantinopoli, vermilion

555 Damanhour, light green

556 Damiata, dark blue

557 “ light blue

558 Galiub, green

559 Gedda, magenta

560 “ gray-blue

561 “ blue

562 Ismailia, yellow-green

563 Ibafi el Dauar, yellow

564 Ibafi- Zajat, olive-yellow

565 Jeh el Barud, orange-yellow

567 Kafr el Dauar, light yellow

568 Kafr el Zayat, greenish yellow

569 Mahalla, orange-brown

570 Mahalleh Roh, yellow-brown

571 Mansura, mauve

572 Minet el Gamh, orange-brown

573 blue

574 Porto-Said, dark blue

575 Samanud, dark olive green

576 Scibin el Anater, red-brown

577 Smirne, gray

578 Suez, yellow-green

579 Tanta, violet-red

580 Teh el Barud, brick red

581 Took, red-brown

582 Zagazig, light blue

583 Zefta, dark olive

584 gray-green
Varieties: Errors in spelling.

585 Abuhomos, violet-brown

586 Birket el Saat, green

586a Damanhur, blue green

587 Gfdda, slate,

588 Ismilia, yellow green

589 Jook, rose

590 Irafia el Dauar, yellow

591 Jsmaila, yellow green

592 Konstantinopoli, vermilion

593 Mahallat Roh, yellow brown

594 Minet el Gamp, orange

595 Samanna, grayish green

596 Samanua grayish green

597 Tek el Barud, brick red
1868.

Lithographed in black on colored wove
paper. Two types, in the first one the “O”
of “ POSTE ” is square, and the “G” in
“EGIZIANE” is a perfect “ G;” in the
second type the “ O ” is rounder and the
“G” is more like a “ C.” Not all the offices
had both types, the 2nd one being suppli¬
ed only to those that ran short of stamps.
We have indicated in parenthesis which
types we have seen of each office. Size:
Diameter 39 mm.

598 Abuhomus, (i) yellow

599 “ (i, 2) yellow-green

600 Alessandria, (i, 2) lilac rose

601 “ carmine

602 Atfe, (2) yellow

603 ‘ ‘ green

604 Benha, (i, 2) pale brown

605 Benisueff, (i) gray

606 Bilbes, (2) blue

607 Birket el Sab, (2) pale lilac

608 Cairo, (i, 2) brown

609 “ (i) blue

610 Chaluf el Taraba (i) dark red

611 Damanhour, (i, 2) yellow-brown

612 Damiata, (2) sea green

613 Dardanelli, (2) pale yellow

614 Desuk, (i, 2) gray

615 El Gisr, (i, 2) dark rose

616 El Tel el Kibir, (i) dark blue

617 Embabe, (2) bright rose

618 Fascne, (i) violet

619 “ darkblue

620 Galiub, (i, 2) brown

621 Ghisa, (l, 2) gray

622 “ pale green

623 Ismailia, (i, 2) bright blue

624 Kafr el Dauar, (i, 2) blue

625 Kafr el Zayat, (i, 2) carmine

626 Kantara, i, (2) bright yellow

627 Kilometro, 83 (2) pale yellow

628 Magaga, (2) yellow

629 “ yellow-brown

630 Magaga, vermilion red

631 Mahalla, (2) orange

632 “ brown

633 Mahallet-Rok, (i) dark buff

634 Mansura, (i, 2) dark gray

635 Massaua, (i) green

636 Medinet el Faium, (1,2) lilac

637 “ rose

638 Minet el Gam, (i) rose

639 “ buff

640 Minia, (i) light blue

641 Porto-Said, (2) light green

642 Ramie, (2) bistre

643 “ light green

644 Samanud, (2) carmine

645 Scibin el Anater,(2) blue

646 Scibin el Kom, (i) bistre

647 “ light green

648 Serapoum, (i) blue

649 Suarin (i) bright blue

650 Suez (i, 2) pale blue

651 Tanta (i, 2) blue

652 Teh el Barut, dark green

653 Took, (2) carmine

654 Uasta, (i, 2) rose

655 Zagazig, (i, 2) yellow green

656 Zefte, (i) green

1870.

Type II of preceding issue, lithographed
in color on white wove paper.

657 Alessandria, gray

657a Alessandretta, gray

658 Bairouth, violet

659 Cavalla, brown

660 Gallipoli, yellow-green

661 Jaffa, dark blue

662 Lagos, yellow-brown

663 Latschia, pale rose

664 Metelino, dark red

665 Salonicco, vermilion

666 Scio, light yellow

667 Tenedos, orange

668 Volo, dark green

1871.

Lithographed on wove paper. Size. Di¬
ameter 39mm.

189

EGYPT.

1st. In color on white wove paper.

669 Costantinopoli, orange

670 Latachia, orange

671 Mersina, orange

672 Minuf, blue

673 Rodis, vermilion

674 Rosetta, orange

675 Siut, mauve

676 Tripoli, olive-green

2nd. Black on colored wove paper.

677 Alessandrie. rose

678 Birket el Sab, gray

679 Damanhour, yellow-brown

680 Dardanelli, yellow

681 Galiub, brown

682 Ismailia, dark blue

683 Minia, sky blue

684 Ramie, grayish brown

685 Serapoum, dark blue

686 Zagazig, green

1874-76.

Lithographed on wove paper. Three
types — in the first type, the groundwork of
the portion of the circle marked “POSTE
KHEDEUIE EGIZIANE” is coarse, and
the ‘S’ of POSTE is broad, in the 2nd and
3rd types the groundwork is very fine and
the ‘S’ of “POSTE” is narrow. The ‘S’ and
‘D’ are thinner in the 2nd than bn the 3rd
type. We have indicated in parenthesis
which types we have seen of each office. Size:
Diameter 39mm.

ist. Color on white wove paper

687 Abuhomus (i) vermilion

688 Alessandria, (i) “

689 Assouan, (2 and 3) brown

690 Barbar, (2) vermilion

691 Benha, (i) “

692 Birket el Sab, (i) “

692a Costantinopoli, (t) orange

693 Damanhour, (i) vermilion

694 Dardanelli, (i) “

695 Dongola, (2) gray-bistre

696 Esna, (2 and 3) blue

697 Fayum, (i and 3) ultramarine

698 Gedda, (i) vermilion

699 Gherga, (2) red brown

700 Godaba, (2) yellow ochre

701 Ismailia, (i) vermilion

702 Karaskou, (2 and 3) lilac gray

703 Kassala, (2) bright mauve

704 Kartum, (2 and 3) green

705 Kena, (2 and 3) vermilion

706 Latachia, light brown

707 Luxor, olive bistre

708 Mansura, vermilion

709 Mellaui, (i) “

710 Minuf, (3) brown

711 “ (i, 2 and 3) blue

712 Roda, (i and 3) brown

713 Rodis, (r) vermilion

714 Rosetta, (i) red

715 “ {3) orange

716 “ vermilion

717 Scio,

718 Siut, (2 and 3) bright mauve

719 Smirne, (2 and 3) light green

720 Teh el Barud, (if vermilion

721 Wadi-Halfe, (3) mauve

722 Zagazig, (i) vermilion

723 Zifte, (i) ’•

2nd. Color on Colored wove paper,

724 Alessandria, green on blue

Damanhour, “ “

726 Fayum, blue on blue

727 Mansura, vermilion on blue

3rd. Black on colored wove paper.

728 Abuhomus, (2 and 3) light buff

729 Abu el Seekak, azure

730 Alessandria, (2) rose

731 “ (1,2, 3) lilac

731a Alessandria, blue

732 Assiut, (i) blue green

733 Afte, (i) rose .

734 Benha, (i) yellow

735 “ (2) brown

736 Bilbes, (3) bliie

737 Birket el Sab, (3) gray

738 “ “ (2, 3) lilac

739 “ “ rose

740 Cairo, (i, 2, 3) white

741 ‘‘ (2, 3) brown

742 “ “

742a Damanhour, (2) light brown

743 Damiata, (1,2) yellow

744 “ (2, 3) green

745 “ rose

746 Dardanelli,

746a Desuk, greenish blue

747 El Tel el Kibir, (2) dark blue

748 Fascne, (3) violet

749 Gherga, brown

750 Ghisa, (2, 3) blue gray

751 “ purple

752 Ismailia, (3) dark blue

753 Kafr el Chuar, blue

754 Kafr el Dauar, blue

755 Kafr el Zayat, (i, 2) red

756 “ purple

757 Kilometro, 83, blue

758 Magaga, (i, 3) yellow

759 “ gi^een

760 ‘ ‘ red brown

761 Mahalla, (i, 2, 3) brown

762 “ orange

763 Mahallet Roh, brown

764 ‘‘ dark gray

765 Manfalut, dull green

766 Mafalut, blue

767 Mansura (2, 3) brown

768 Mellaui, (3) azure

769 Miner el Gam, (2) pale rose

770 Porto Said, (i, 2, 3) green

770a Ramses, (3) brown

77r Samanud, (i, 3) rose

772 “ mauve

773 “ purple

774 Scibin el Anater, (2, 3) blue

190

EGYPT.

775 Scibin el Com, (i, 3) yellow

776 “ purple

777 Scibin el Kom, (2) pale brown

778 Scirbin, (2, 3) pale yellow

779 Sokag, (i, 3) pale yellow

780 Suakin, (2) dark blue

781 Suez, (i, 2, 3) pale blue

782 Tanta, (i, 3) blue

783 Tanta, (i, 2) dark blue

784 Tell el Barut, (2, 3) dark green

785 Teh el Kibir, (2, 3) dark blue

785a Telah, (r) blue

786 Zagazig, green

787 “ dark rose

788 Zefte, (r, 3) green

789 “ (i) yellow green

789a “ (3) blue green

1877.

Lithographed in vermilion on white wove
paper, the third line in Arabic is different
on each stamp. Size: Diameter 39 mm.

790 Abouchoukouk.

791 Abouhomus,

792 Abou-Hamade,

793 Abou.Kerkas,

794 Aba-el-Wakf,

795 Alexandrie,

795a Assiout,

796 Atfe,

797 Balliana,

798 Barbara,

799 Bedrechein,

800 Benha,

801 Beni Gorrah,

802 Beni-Korrah,

802a Beni Masar,

803 Bibeh,

804 Bordein,

805 Boulak,

806 Bouha,

807 Cairo,

808 Chabas,

809 Cherbine,

810 Chibin el Anater,

811 Chibin el Kom,

812 Colosnah,

813 Deyrouth,

814 Dongola,

814a Dechna,

814b Eafou,

814c Edona,

8i4d Esnd,

8140 Fayoum,

815 Fechne,

816 Foua,

817 Galioub,

818 Ghirga

819 Ghizeh,

8r9a Gourieh,

820 Goddabo,

820a Gotour,

821 Hyhya,

822 Ismaila,

823 Kafr Ammar,

824 Kafr Daouar,

824a Kaer Daoud,

825 Kartoum,

826 Keneh,

827 Kom-Hamade,

827a Korosko,

827b Korachieh,

828 Magaga,

828a Mahallat Domana,

828b Mahallet Roh,

829 Mancha,

830 Manfalout,

831 Maraga,

831a Matahne,

832 Mattay,

833 Mehallet Malek,

834 Mehallet Moussa,

835 Menouf,

836 Mit Berrah,

837 Mit Gamr,

838 Nachart Guidiel,

839 Port-Said,

840 Ramleh (Station Bacos)

841 Ras-el-Halig,

841a Safieh,

842 Salhagar,

842a Samanoud,

843 Santah,

843a Saouakim,

844 Sedfa,

844a .Sim Bellewen,

845 Tanta,

846 Teh el Barud,

847 Took,

848 Wadi-Halfa,

849 Zagazig,

1879.

Lithographed in vermilion on white wove
paper. Size: Diameter 39 mm.

850 Adaref,

851 Chaka,

852 Dara,

853 El Abiad,

854 El Facher,

855 El Kalabat,

856 El Meslemieh,

857 Fachouda,

858 Fazoglou,

859 Kalkal,

860 Sennar,

1880-82.

Lithographed in vermilion on white wove
paper; three types, the difference being in the
name in the lower half of the circle, ist
type, name is in large thin capitals; 2nd type,
name is in small thick capitals; 3rd t)"pe,
name is in small thick antique capitals. We
have placed in parenthesis which types we
have seen of each office. Size: Diameter
39mm.

86i

862

863

864

865

866

867

868

869

870

871

872

873

874

875

876

877

878

879

880

881

882

883

884

885

887

888

889

890

891

892

893

894

895

896

897

898

899

900

900a

901

902

go3

904

905

906

907

908

909

910

911

912

913

914

915

916

917

918

919

920

921

922

923

EGYPT,

191

Minouf,

Port-Said,

Ramleh,

Samanud,

Sembellawein,

Suez,

Santah,

(1)

(2)

(1)

(2)
(I)
(I)
(I)

924

Talah,

925

Tantah,

(I)

926

Tel el Barud,

927

Tel el Kebir,

(I)

927a

Tel el Kibir,

(i)

928

Terieh,

(I)

929

Took,

(I)

930

Wadi-Halfa,

931

Zagazig,

(I)

932

Zifte,

(3)

1884.

Lithographed in blue on white wove pa¬
per. Size: Diameter 39 mm.

Aba el Wakf,

(I)

Abouchoukouk,

(I)

Abou-Hamade,

(I)

Abou Kebir,

(1)

Abou Kerkas,

(I)

Abuhomus

(I)

Alexandrie,

(I)

Assiout,

(i)

Assouan,

(I)

Bedrechein,

(I)

Benha,

Benisoueff,

(I)

Beni Mazar,

(I)

Birket el Sab,

(I)

Bouha,

(I)

933

Boulak,

(I)

934

Caire,

(r)

935

Chibin el Anater, (i)

936

Cherbine,

(I)

937

Chibin el Kom,

938

Colosnali,

(I)

. 939

Damanhour,

(2)

940

Damiette,

(I)

941

Dessouk,

(I)

942

Deyrouth,

(I)

943

Enchasse,

(I)

944

Esneh,

945

Facouss,

(I)

946

Fayum,

(I)

947

Fescne,

(I)

948

Fesnce,

(3)

949

Galiub,

{'. 2)

(I)

950

Ghizeh,

951

Colour,

(I)

952

Gourrieh,

(I)

953

Hehza,

(I)

954

Ismaila,

(2)

955

Kafr Cheih,

(I)

956

Kafr el Zayat,

(1)

957

Kafr Zayat,

(I)

958

Kartoum,

960

Keneh,

961

Korrachieh,

(>)

962

Korosko,

963

Koutour,

964

Louxor,

(I)

965

Magaga,

(I)

966

Manfalout,

(i)

967

Mansura,

(3)

968

Massaouah,

(I)

969

Mataz,

(1)

970

Mehalla,

(I)

971

Mehallet Roh,

(I)

972

Minet el Gam,

973

Minieh,

(L 3)

974

Mit Berrah,

(I)

975

976

977

978

979
979a

980

981

.Aba-el-Wakf,

Abou-Hommos,

Abou-Kebir,

Abou-Korkas,

Achmant,

Akhmin,

Alexandrie,

Ariche,

Assiout,

Afte,

Bairechein,

Beba,

Benha,

Beni-Mazar,

Bordein,

Bouha,

Boulac (Caire)

Boulak-el-Dakrour,

Caire,

Cherbine,

Chibine-el-Kanater,

Chibine-el-Com,

Damanhour,

Damiette,

Deirout,

Dekernes,

Edkou,

Enchas,

Esna,

Fachn,

Facous,

Fayoum ,

Ghouria,

Guiza,

Guerga,

Hehya,

Helouan,

Ismalia,

Kafr-el Cheik,
Kalioub,

Kena,

Louxor,

Maghagha,

Mahalla,

Manchah,

Mansoura,

Mansala,

Matai,

Menouf,

192

EGYPT.

982

Minia,

983

Mina-el-Kamh,

984

Mit Bera,

985

Nakada,

986

Port-Said,

987

Ras-el-Khalig,

988

Samalout,

989

Samanoud,

990

Santa,

991

Sembellawein,

992

Sohag,

993

Suez,

994

Tanta,

995

Teh-el-Baroud,

996

Teh-el-Kibir,

997

Teria,

998

Toukh,

999

Zagazig,

1000

Zefta,

1887.

Lithographed in blue on white wove paper.
Size: Diameter 40 mm.

GENERAL DIRECTION AT ALEXANDRIA.

1867.

Lithographed in color on white wove pa¬
per; two types, the first one without inscrip¬
tion in lower half of circle, the second with
inscription. Size: Diameter 39 mm.

1201

Alessandria, carmine, type

I

1202

“ type

II

1203

“ sea green, type

I

1204

“ “ type

II

1868.

Litliographed in color on white wove pa¬
per. Size: Diameter 39 mm.

1205 Alessandria, centre green, border
carmine

1870.

Lithographed in gold on white wove pa¬
per. Size: Diameter 39 mm.

1206 Alessandria, gold

1871.

Same type as preceding issue, but POSTE
KHEDUIE EGIZIANE instead of POSTE
EGIZIANE. Lithographed in gold on
white wove paper. Size: Diameter 39 mm.
1207 Alessandria, gold

1872.

Embossed in color on various papers.
Size: Diameter 32 mm.

1“ White wove paper.

1208 Alessandria, red on white

1209 '■ blue on white

1210 “ dark blue on white

only.

1211

1212

1213

1214

1215

1216

1217

1218

1219

1220

1221

Wove paper, colored on the surface

Alessandria, red on blue
“ red on rose

‘ ‘ red on green

‘ ‘ red on lilac

“ carmine on rose

“ dark blue on yellow

“ dark blue on blue

“ dark blue on rose '

“ dark blue on green

“ black on vermilion

“ black on yellow

EGYPT— FALKLAND ISLANDS.

193

Embossed in color on white wove paper.
Size: Diameter 27 mm.

1222 red

1223 violet

1224 carmine

1225 dark blue

1226 red brown

SEZIONE ECONOMATO.

1871.

Same type as Official stamps of 1871 issue,
but name of office replaced by SEZIONE
ECONOMATO ; lithographed on various
papers. Size: Diameter 39 mm.

I" In color on white wove paper.

1401 Sezione Economato, mauve

2® In color on colored wove paper.

1402 Sezione Economato, otx green

1874-

Similar to first and second types of the
Official stamps of 1874-76 issue with name
of office replaced by new inscription; litho¬
graphed on various papers. Size: Diameter
39 mm.

1“ White wove paper.

1403 Sezione Economato, mauve, type 2
2" Black on colored wove paper.

1404 Economato, magenta, type i
1880,

Similar to 1st type of the Official stamps
of 1880-82 issue, with name of office re¬
placed by ECONOMAT ; lithographed in
vermilion on white wove paper.

1405 Economat, vermilion (i)

1884.

Same type as Official stamps of same date,
name of office replaced by ECOMOMAT ;
lithographed in blue on white wove pa¬
per.

1406 Economat, blue

COUNTERFEITS.

We do not know of any good counterfeits of the Egyptian stamps, all the forgeries which we have seen
being lithographed on unwatermarked paper.

FALKLAND ISLANDS.

Currency: i pound==20 shillings, i shilling=I2 pence.
The Pound equaling $4.86 U. S. Currency.
ADHESIVE STAMPS.

1878-79.

Engraved in taille douce on thin grayish
wove paper. Size 18^x23^ mm.

Perforated 14.

1 ip claret

2 4p gray (1879)

3 6p green

4 ish yellow brown

1884-87.

Same type and impression as preceding is¬
sue on white wove paper, watermarked Crown
and C. A.

Perforated 14.

5 ip claret

6 4p gray

7 6p black (1887)

January i, 1891.

Provisional issue.

I. I penny stamps of preceding issue, cut
diagonally in two, each half being surcharg¬
ed ^d in black.

Watermarked Crown & C. A.
Perforated 14.

a. Upper half.

8 ^p on half of Ip claret

b. Lower half.

9 J^p on half of ip claret

II. 1 penny stamps of preceding issue, cut
diagonally in two, each half being used as a
penny.

Watermarked Crown & C. A.

Perforated 14.

a. Upper part

10 J^p claret (half of ip.)

b. Lower half.

11 • J^p claret, (half of ip)

July 1891.

Regular issue.

Same type, impression, paper and water¬
mark as issue of 1884-87.

Perforated 14.

12 J^p green

13 2j^pblue

194

FALKLAND ISLANDS.— FERNANDO PO.

The 6p black we catalogue on the author¬
ity of Major Evans; the latest supply of
stamps of this value which we imported di¬
rect, not over six months ago, were on un¬
watermarked paper. The i and 4p stamps
exist with the watermark straight and side¬

ways, the latter being the most common.

The different values of both issues are
found part perforated horizontally (top or
bottom), or part perforated vertically (right
and left side), the edges of the sheets not
being perforated.

COUNTERFEITS.

We do not know of any good counterfeits of these stamps, those we have seen are lithographed on white
unwatermarked paper.

FALKLAND

PAID.

ISLANDS.

The label illustrated here is catalogued by some as a stamp, it is however nothing better than a postmark
as it was stamped on letters on which the postage was paid at the Post Office before any stamps were issued
in this Colony. It exists in red and in black.

However, the greater part of them found on the market are not even as good as a postmark, being merely
counterfeits manufactured in England.

FERNANDO PO.

Currency: lOo centecimos=i escudo=5oc U. S. Currency. loo centimos=i peseta=19C U. S. Currency

100 CENTAVOS=i PES0=96c U. S. Currency.

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

July 1868.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
18^4x22 mm.

Perforated 14.

I 20c de esc brown (Queen Isabella)

July 1879.

Typographed on white wove paper. Siz®
i8)4x22j4 rnm.

FEBNAEDOPOO

S CENT. PESETA

Perforated 14.

2 5c de peseta green, (Alfonso XII)

3 IOC “ carmine

4 50c “ blue

January 1882.

Same type, impression and paper as pre-
ceeding issue.

Perforated 14.

5 ic de peso, green

6 2c de peso, rose

7 5c “ gray blue

1885.

Provisional Issue.

2C stamps of preceding issue, surcharged
in blue with new value.

Perforated 14.

8 50c de peseta on 2C de peso rose, blue

surcharge

Variety: Surcharge inverted.

9 50c de peseta on 2C de peso rose, blue

surcharge

1887.

Provisional Issue.

5C stamps of 1882 issue, surcharged in blue
with new value; same type of surcharge as
in preceding issue.

10 50c de peseta on 5c de peso gray blue,

blue surcharge

1889.

Same type, impresssion, paper, etc., as
issue of January 1882.

Perforated 14.

11 IOC de peso brown

COUNTERFEITS.

We have not seen any good counterfeits of any of these stamps.

FIJI ISLANDS.

19S

FIJI ISLANDS.

Currency: i2 pence=i shilling=$o.2.^ U. S. Currency. 100 cents=i dollar.
ADHESIVE STAMPS.

1871.

Typographed on white wove paper, water¬
marked Fiji Postage \\\ capitals, once on each
sheet; different types for each value, the i
and 3 pence being similar in design. The
initials C. R. stand for Cakambau Rex. Size :
iS^X22}4 mm.

Perforated 12^^.

1 ip blue

2 3p green

3 6p carmine

Varieties: Unperforated.

4 ip blue

5 3p green

6 6p carmine

1872.

On account of a change in the currency,
the stamps of the preceding issue were sur¬
charged respectively 2, 6 and 12 cents in
black.

Perforated 12^^.

7 2c on ip blue, black surcharge

8 6c on 3p green, “

9 I2c on 6p carmine “

Varieties: Unperforated.

10 2c on ip blue, black surcharge

11 6c on 3p green, “

12 I2C on 6p carmine, “

January 1875.

Provisional Issue.

In consequence of the annexation of the
Fiji Islands to Great Britain, the stamps of
the then current issue were surcharged in
black V. R. (Victoria Regina) in two types,
both types being on the same sheet.
Perforated I2)4-

_ I" Surcharged in Gothic capitals; the
periods in this type resemble a cross.

13 2c blue and black

14 6c green “

15 12c carmine “

Varieties ;

a. V. R. inverted.

16 I2C carmine and black

b. The period after iP is a Maltese cross.

17 2C blue and black

18 6c green “

19 I2C carmine “

c. Same as variety b but V. R. inverted.

20 I2C carmine and black

d. Inverted Gothic A instead of V.

21 2c blue and black

22 6c green ‘‘

23 I2C carmine “

e. Round periods.

24 6c green and black

f. Round period between V and R.

25 1 2c carmine and black

2“ Surcharged in Roman capitals,

26 2c blue and black

27 6c green “

28 I2C carmine “

Vatiety: E". 7?. inverted.

29 12c carmine and black.

End 1875.

Provisional Issue.

6 and 12 cents stamps of preceding issue
surcharged with new value in various colors.

Perforated I2j4-
' I. V . R. in Gothic capitals.

I® Black surcharge.

30 2p on 6c green and black

31 2p on I2C carmine “

Varieties :

a. No period after “ 2d.”

32 2p on 6c green and black

33 2p on I2C carmine “

b. The period after R is a Maltese cross.

34 2p on 6c green and black

c. Inverted Gothic A instead of V.

35 2p on 6c green and black

36 2p on I2C carmine “

d. Same as preceding variety with round
period between V and R.

37 2p on I2c carmine and black

e. 2d surcharged twice.

38 2px2p on I2C carmine and black
2° Red surcharge.

39 2p on 6c green and black
Varieties :

a. No period after “ 2d.”

40 2p on 6c green and black

b. The period after 7? is a Maltese cross.

41 2p on 6c green and black

c. Inverted Gothic A instead of V.

42 2p on 6c green and black
II. V, R. in Roman capitals.

I® Black surcharge.

43 2p on 6c green and black

44 2p on I2C carmine “

V arieties :

a. Period between “ 2 ” and “ d.”

196

FIJI ISLANDS.

45 2p on 6c green and black

46 2p on 12c carmine “

b. No period after li.

47 2p on 6c green and black

c. No period after “2d.”

48 2p on I2C carmine and black
2“ Red surcharge.

49 2p on 6c green and black
Varieties :

a. Period between “ 2 ” and “ d.”

50 2p on 6c green and black

b. No period after R.

51 2p on 6p green and black
1876.

Same type as first issue, surcharged in
black V. R. in ornamental italics. The 2
pence is formed by surcharging the 3 pence
stamp TWO PENCE horizontally over the
original value. Typographed on thick white
wove paper.

Perforated I2j4"

52 ip ultramarine and black

53 2p on 3p green “

54 6p carmine “

Varieties :

a. Unperforated.

55 ip ultramarine and black

56 2p on 3p green “

57 6p carmine “

b. Without the surcharge TWO PENCE.

58 3p green and black

c. Unperforated vertically.

59 6p carmine and black

d. Double surcharge TWO PENCE.
Unperforated.

60 2px2p on 3p green and black
1878.

Same type as preceding issue with addi¬
tional value 4 pence formed by printing a
stamp from the three penny die in mauve
and surcharging it in black horizontally
FOUR PENCE over the original value.
Typographed on thick white laid paper.
Perforated 12^.

61 ip ultramarine and black

62 2p on 3p green “

63 4p on 3p mauve “

64 6p carmine “

Varieties;

a. Unperforated.

65 ip ultramarine and black

66 2p on 3p green “

67 4p on 3p mauve “

68 6p carmine “

b. Without any surcharge.

6g ip ultramarine

70 3p green

71 6p carmine

c. Unperforated vertically.

72 ip ultramarine and black

d. Without any surcharge.

Unperforated vertically.

73 3P green
1879-

Same type as the 3 pence of the 1871 issue
but the letters C. R. replaced by V. R.; the
value is surcharged horizontally in black.
Typographed on white wove paper.

Perforated 12^.

74 2p on 3p green, black surcharge

Variety: Unperfp rated.

75 2p on 3p green, black surcharge

1880.

Same types as the 1871 issue but initials
C. R. replaced by V. R. Typographed on
white wove paper.

Perforated 12^.

76 ip ultramarine

77 2p green

78 6p carmine rose
Vafiety; Unperforated.

79 ip ultramarine

80 2p green

Some of these stamps are found water¬
marked with a capital letter, which is part
of the trademark of the manufacturer of the
paper.

1882.

Typographed on white wove paper. The
5 shillings is printed in two colors, the me¬
dallion being in red and the remainder of
design in black. Size

Perforated 10.

81 ish pale brown

82 5sh black and red

1883.

Same types as the 1880 issue; the four
pence is formed by printing a stamp from
the two-penny die in mauve and surcharging it
in black FOUR PENCE over the original
value. Typographed on white wove paper.

I® Perforated 10.

83 ip ultramarine.

84 ip blue

85 2p pale green

86 4p on 2p mauve, black surcharge

87 6p carmine

2® Perforated 10, 12%.

88 ip ultramarine

89 ip blue

90 2p pale green

91 6p carmine rose

1890.

Same type as the 4 pence of preceding is¬
sue but printed from the one penny die.
Typographed on white wove paper.
Perforated 10.

92 4p on ip mauve, black surcharge

Fiji ISLANDS.

107

93 4p on ip blue, black surcharge
June 1891.

Provisional issue.

2 pence stamps of 1883 issue, surcharged
in black with new value.

Perforated 10.

on 2p green, black surcharge
August 1891.

Regular issue.

Same type as issue of 1883, typographed
on white wove paper.

Perforated 10.

4p mauve

REVENUES USED FOR POSTAGE

1885.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
22x37j^ mm.

Perforated 10.

201 ip brown

202 3p brown

OFFICIAL WRAPPER.

1884.

Stamp as per cut, typographed to the right
on white wove paper. At the top of the
wrapper, in the centre, is O. H. M. S, (On
Her Majesty’s Service) in Roman capitals,
and some little distance below, to the left is
“ Oovt. Printing Office" in italics, directly
below which is “ 188.”

Size 115x320mm,

301 No value, black

r

Pi

Government

FRANK

^iNT. Office.'

Fiji.

FIJI TIMES EXPRESS.

1870.

Typographed in black on colored quadrille
paper; the five values were printed side by
side in one row. Size average 22)4xi8j4mn'-

TIMES a

g 1 g

CO

PENNY. “

Rouletted in black lines.

501 ip pink

502 3p “

503 6p “

504 9p ‘ ‘

505 ish “

1871.

Same type as preceding issue, typographed
in black on colored laid batonne paper.
Size 22)4x18)4 mm,

Rouletted in black lines.

506 ip pink

507 3P “

508 6p pink

509 9p ‘ ‘

510 ish “

Reprints.

1876.

Typographed in black on colored laid paper.
Size k2]^xl6 mm.

TIMES

3

5d

«

CQ

PENCE.

09

Pin perforated in black lines.

511 Ip pink

612 3p “

513 6p “

5U 9p “

515 Ish “

These stamps were issued by the proprie*
tor of the Fiji Times, to prepa)^ the postage
on his own papers.

COUNTERFEITS.

We do not know of any good forgeries of these stamps; all those we have seen were lithographed and
were readily told by comparison with any genuine stamp of the series. Counterfeits of the rare provisionals
of 1875 have been _ manufactured by surcharging genuine stamps with a forged V. R.; these are generally
very well done and it requires an experienced eye to distinguish them from the genuine.

198

FINLAND.

FINLAND.

Currency: 100 KOPECKS=r rouble=$o.55 U. S. Currency. 100 penni=i mark=$o. 19;^ U.S. Currency.

ADHESIVE STAMPS.

February 1856.

T)'pographed on various papers; small
white pearls in the openings of the post
horns.

I® Thin grayish wove paper.

1 lok rose

2® Thick white wove paper.

2 5k blue

3 10k rose

3® White laid paper

4 I ok rose

1858.

Same type as preceding issue, but the
pearls in the post horns are double the size
of those in the preceding. T)'pographed on
while wove paper.

5 5k blue

January 1st, 1863.

Typographed on thin tinted wove paper
Size i8J^x22 mm.

I® Perforated in serpentine, indenta¬
tions to two centimeters.

6 5k blue on bluish

7 5k gray blue on bluish

8 lok rose on rose

Varieties :

9 5k blue on bluish

10 lok rose on rose

2® Perforated in serpentine, 8 indenta¬
tions to two centimeters,
loa 5k blue on bluish

lob lok rose on lose

1865.

Same as preceding issue, typographed on
thin while wove paper,

Perforated in serpentine.

11 5 k blue

12 I ok rose

1866-72.

Typographed on various papers, the I
Mark being of a different type from the other
values. The 5 and lop have 8 stars in the
shield and 50 wavy lines; the 20 and 40 also
have 8 stars in shield but only 26 wavy lines;
the 8p has 7 stars in shield and 40 wavy
lines. Size i8j4x22j4 mm.

!

F’S

1

s

2

2

S

ii

:

1 1©^

1

2

Z

=

•J

E

E

p

iiliiffeSr

tiiii

z

!1

I. Perforated in serpentine, indenta¬
tions to two centimeters, each indentation
measuring 2 mm. in depth,
i® Thin tinted laid paper.

13 5p brown on lilac, (Tan i. 1866)

14 5p red brown on lilac “

15 lop black on buff “

16 lop h]ac]i on c/arh j'ello7a “

Variety: Error of impression.

17 lop red brown on lilac
2® Thick tinted laid paper.

18 5p brown on lilac

19 lop black on buff

3® Tinted wove paper.

20 5p red brown on lilac (1871)

21 5p red brown on buff “

22 8p black on yellow greeti (1867)

23 8p black on green “

24 lop black on yellow (1871)

25 lOp black on “

26 2op light blue on bluish (Jan. i. 1866)

27 20p dark blue on bluish “

28 40p red on rose •“

29 4op rose on rose ‘ ‘

30 4op rose on lilac rose (1871)

Varieties:

a. Error of impression.

31 lOp red brown on lilac

b. White paper.

32 40p red

4® Tinted ribbed paper.

33 8p black on

34 on yello7o greet!

35 40p red on rose

2(> 40p rose on rose

37 40p rose on lilac rose

4® White wove paper.

38 iM brown (1867)

39 iM yellow brown (1867)

II. Perforated in serpentine, 8 indentations
to two centimeters, each indentation meas¬
uring l|4( mm. in depth.

I® Thin tinted laid paper.

40 5p brown on lilac

41 lop black on buff
2® Tinted wove paper.

42 5p brown on lilac

43 lOp black on darh yellotv

44 lOp black on buff

45 20p blue on bluish

46 20p dark blue on bluish

47 40p rose on rose

FINLAND

199

III. Perforated in serpentine, 8 inden¬
tations to two centimeters, each indentation
measuring i}(mm in depth.

I" Thick tinted laid paper.

48 5p brown on lilac rose

49 lop black on dark yellow
2® Tinted wove paper.

50 5p red brown on lilac

51 8p black on. yellow green

52 lop black on dark green

53 20p blue on blnish

54 40p red on rose

55 40p rose on

56 4op rose on lilac rose
Varieties:

a. Error of impression.

57 lop red brown on' lilac

b. White paper.

58 40p red

3“ Tinted ribbed paper.

59 8p black on green

60 40p rose on rose

4® White wove paper.

61 iM brown

62 iM yellow brown

1872.

Same type as preceding issue, typographed
on tinted wove paper.

Perforated 12^.

63 40p rose on rose

July 1875.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
I7^x2i^mm. Printed in Copenhagen.

Perforated 13^.

64 32p carmine
September 1875.

Same type, paper and impression as pre¬
ceding issue, but printed in Helsingfors.
Perforated ii.

65 2p gray

66 5p yellow orange

67 5p orange red

68 8p yellow green

69 8p blue green

70 8p dark green

71 2op dull blue

72 2op dark blue

73 2op ultramarine

74 32p rose

75 32p carmine

1877-81.

Same type, paper, impression etc., as pre¬
ceding issue.

Perforated ii.

76 lop brown, (1881)

77 25p carmine, (July 1879)

78 iM mauve, (Jan. i. 1879)

79 iM bright mauve, “

1882.

Same type, paper, impression etc., as pre¬
ceding issue, printed in aniline ink.
Perforated 12^.

80 2p gray

81 5p orange red

82 lop brown

83 20p ultramarine

84 25P rose

85 iM bright mauve

Varieties:

a. Unperforated vertically.

86 5p orange red

b. Tete Bhhe.

87 5p orange red

88 lOp brown

1885.

Same type, paper, impression, etc
preceding issue.

Perforated 1214.

89

5p green

(Jan. i)

90

lop rose

(Nov. 25)

91

2op yellow

(Jan. i)

92

25p blue

93

iM gray, center red, “

94

5M green

“ (Nov. 25)

95

10 M brown

“ “

1889-90.

Typographed on white wove paper.
i7}4x22 mm.

„ as

Size

Perforated I2J4-

96 5p green

97 I op rose

98 2op yellow

99 25p blue

100 iM gray, centre red

101 5M green, “

102 10 M brown “

(1890)

May 1st, 1891.

Same type as current Russian stamps
with two or more small circles added to the
design, typographed on white laid paper
watermarked wavy lines. The 4, 10, 20,
50k and ir have a colored groundwork. Sizes:
ii 2, 3, 7, 14, 35 k. i6^x22^mm; 4, 10, 20,
50k, I7l4x23>4nim; ir, 27j4x3il4mm; SK
and 7r, 24^x28mm.

Type I. I'ype H- T'YP® IN-

Perforated 14x15.

103 ik orange. Type I

104 2k green “

105 3k carmine “

106 4k rose, rose groundwork, Type II

107 7k blue. Type I

108 lokblue, blue groundwork. Type II
log 14k blue, centre rose. Type III

110 20k blue, centre red, blue groundwork

Type II

111 35k lilac, centre green. Type III

112 50k mauve, centre green, mauve

groundwork. Type II

200

FINLANi3.

Perforated 13.

113 ir brown, centre orange, brown

groundwork

114 3^ r black and gray

1 15 7r black and orange

ENVELOPES.

January i.st, 1845.

Stamp typographed in the left lower cor¬
ner; thick rough grayish paper.

I" Wove paper.

Size 112x73 mm.

201 lok black
2“ Laid paper.

a. Size 112x73

202 lok black

b. Size 137x79 mm.

203 20k red
Reprints,

November 18G2.

On strips of paper and itot on entire envel¬
opes.

1“ White wove paper .

ZOJf. 10k rose

205 20k black
Varieties: Tete Beche.

206 10k rose

207 20k black

2“ Horizontally laid white paper.

208 10k rose

209 20k black
1872.

White wove paper.

210 10k black

211 10k carmine

2 12 20k black

213 20k carmine
Varieties : THe Biche.

21h 10k black

215 10k carmine

216 20k black

217 20k carmhie

1888.

Glazed white wove paper.

217a 10k black

217b 20k carmine

The various watermarks found on the en¬
velopes of this and of the next issues are of no
interest to collectors being merely part of the
trade mark of the manufacturer of the paper.

Some years ago envelopes of lok in red
and 20k in black with the stamps on the flap
were believed to have been officially issued,
but lately it has been proven beyond an)'
doubt that these were only frauds.

January ist 1850.

Stamp same type as adhesives of 1856 is¬
sue but without pearls in the opening of the

post horns, typographed on envelopes and
letter sheets,
r. Envelopes.

Stamp printed on the flap.

1° Size 115x78 mm.

Thin bluish wove paper.

218 5k blue

The existence of this envelope still remains
to be proven.

2° Size 145x114 mm.

a. Glazed thick white wove paper.

219 5k blue

220 lok red

221 lok carmine

222 20k black ?

b. Glazed ordinary white wove paper.

223 5k blue

224 lok red

225 lok carmine

226 20k black ?

c. Unglazed thick yellowish wove paper.

227 5k blue

228 lok red

22g lok carmine

230 2ok black?

d. Unglazed ordinary yellowish wove paper.

231 5k blue

232 lok red

233 lok carmine

234 20k black ?

It is still an unsettled question whether the
envelopes of 20 kopecks were prepared for use
but never issued or whether they are of the
same class as the envelopes with stamp on
the flap of the 1845 issue.

Rep7 ints.

On strips of paper and not on entire envel¬
opes.

I® White wove paper.

235 20k black
Variety; Tete Beche.

236 20k black

2° Veitically laid white paper.

237 20k greenish black

1888.

Glazed white wove paper.

237 a 20k black
II. Letter Sheets.

Double sheet of paper, the stamps being
printed on the outside of the second sheet
in the center and about 3 centimeters from
the edge, so that in folding the letter in the
usual style of that period, the stamp is in
the position usually occupied by the seal.

Size 265x210 mm.

I® White wove paper.

238 lok carmine

2® Bluish pelure paper.

239 5k dark blue

240 lok carmine

3® Ordinary bluish wove paper.

241 5k dark blue

242 lok carmine

FINLAND.

201

1855-

Stamp, same type as preceding issue,
typographed on flap; white laid paper.

Size 145x114 mm.

243 lok carmine

The exact date of issue of this envelope is
not known, but it must be some lime in 1855
or in the beginning of 1856 as the paper was
watermarked “1855” and the type of the
stamp was altered in 1856.

1856.

Stamp same type as adhesives of same is¬
sue, with small pearls in the opening of the
port horns and between the shield and crown;
typographed on various papers, stamp on the
flap. Size 145x114 mm.

2“ Ordinary glazed white wove paper.

244 5k dark blue

245 lok red

246 lok carmine

2“ Tdiick glazed white wove paper.

247 5k dark blue

248 lok red

249 lok carmine

3“ Ordinary unglazed yellowish wove
paper.

250 5k dark blue

251 lok red

252 lok carmine

4“ Thick unglazed yellowish wove paper.

253 5k dark blue

254 lok red

255 lok carmine

5° White diagonally laid paper.

256 5k dark blue

257 lOk red

'258 lok carmine

Variety; Vertically laid paper,

259 lok red

Reprints.

On strips of paper, not on entire envelopes.
November 1S62.

1“ White wove paper.

260 10 k rose
Variety; Tete Biche

261 16 k rose

2° Vertically laid paper.

262 10k rose

1872.

1“ White wove paper.

263 10k carmine
Variety; Tete Beche

26k 10k carmine

2“ Bluish wove paper.

265 10k carjnine
1888.

Glazed white wove paper.

265a 10k carmine

1858.

Stamp same type as preceding issue, but
large pearls in opening of the post horns and
between the shield and crown; typographed
on white laid paper, stamp on the flap.

Size 145x114 mm.

266 5k blue
Reprints.

On strips of paper and not on entire envel¬
opes.

I” White wove paper.

267 5k blue
Variety; Tete Beche.

268 5k blue

2® Vertically laid paper.

269 5k blue
1872.

I® Bluish wove paper,

270 5k blue

2° White wove paper.

271 5k ultraniafine
1888.

White glazed wove paper.

271a 5k dark blue

January ist, i860.

I. Stamp, with 7 stars in shield, typo-
graped in upper right corner, on white laid
paper; different type for each value; the 5k
has 8 pearls on each side of the crown, and
22 lines in the shield; the lok has '7 pearls on
each side of the crown and 20 lines in the
shield.

Size 145x114 mm.

272 5k blue

273 5k dark blue

274 lok red

275 lok rose

II. Same stamp as on preceding envelopes,
typographed in upper left coiner on remain¬
ders of the envelopes of 5, 10 and 20k of the
1850-58 issues.

White laid paper.

Size 145x114 mm.

276

5k

blue

on 5k 1856

277

5k

dark

blue

on 5k 1856

278

5k

gray

blue

on 5k 1856

279

5k

blue

on lok 1856

280

5k

dark

blue

on lok 1856

281

5k

gray

blue

on lok 1856

282

5k

blue

on 5k 1858

283

5k

dark

blue

00

in

00

"in

5

284

5k

gray

blue

on 5k 1858

285

I ok

rose 1

on 20k 1850

January 1861.

I. Stamp similar to type of preceding issue
but with 8 stars in shield, typographed in
upper left corner; different type for each
value; the 5k has 8 pearls on each side of the
crown, 13 lines in the shield, and 26 wavy
lines; the lok has 9 pearls on each side of the
crown, 17 lines in the shield and 50 wavy
lines.

I® White laid paper.

a. Size 145x114mm.

286 lok rose

b. Size 145x80 mm.

287 I ok rose

2® White wove paper.

a. Size 145x114 mm.

288 I ok rose

b. Size 145x80 mm.

289 lok rose

3® Glazed white wove paper.

Size 145x80 mm.

290 lok rose
Reprints.

1888.

On strips of paper, not on entire envelopes.
Glazed white wove paper,

290a 5k dark blue
290b 10k cai mine

II. Same stamp as on preceding envelopes,
typographed in upper left corner on remain¬
ders of the envelopes of 1850-58 issues.

Size 145x114 mm.

I® White laid paper.

291 5k blue on lok 1855

292 5k dark blue on lok 1856

202

FINLAND.

r

293

5k

blue

on

lok 1856

294

5k

dark

blue on 5k 1858

2“ Glazed white wove paper.

295

5k

blue

on

5k 1850

296

5k

blue

on

lok 1850

297

5k

dark

blue on 5k 1856

298

5k

blue

on

lOk 1856

299

I ok

rose

on

5k 1850

300

I ok

rose

on

lok 1850

June 1st, 1871.

Stamp similar in type to envelope of pre¬
ceding issue, but value in penni. Eight stars
in shield and wavy lines wide part.

1“ Size 145x114 mm.

a. Ordinary white wove paper.

301 2op blue

302 20p dark blue

303 40p rose

b. Thick white wove paper

304 20p blue

305 2op gray blue

306 20p dark blue

307 4op rose

c. White laid paper.

308 20p blue

309 4op rose

2" Size 145x80mm.

a. Ordinary white wove paper.

310 40p rose

b. Thick white wove paper.

31 1 4op rose
Reprints.

1888.

On strips of paper, not on e7itire envelopes.
Glazed ■white wove paper.

311a 20p dark blue

312b pop earniine

March 1876.

Stamp, same type as adhesives of issue of
July 1875, typographed in upper right cor¬
ner, white wove paper.

Size 145x80 mm.

312 2op ultramarine

313 2op blue

314 32p carmine

315 32p rose

January 1st, 1881.

Stamp, same type as preceding issue, typo¬
graphed on various papers.

1“ White wove paper.

Size 145x83 mm.

316 25p carmine

V ariety; Flap gummed, all envelopes pre¬
vious to this being ungummed.

317 25p carmine

2“ White laid paper.

a. Size 145x80 mm.

318 32p rose

b. Size 149x83 mm.

319 20p ultramarine

320 25p rose

1885.

Same type as preceding issue, typographed
on white laid paper, flap gummed.

1“ Upper flap tongued, lower flap pointed.

a. Size 149x86 mm.

321 20p yellow (May)

322 25P ultramarine (Jan.)

Variety: Stamp inverted in lower left
corner.

323 25p ultramarine

b. Size 149x80 mm.

324 20p yellow

325 25P ultramarine
2“ Flaps pointed.

Size T49XS0 mm.

326 2op yellow

327 25p ultramarine

1887.

Stamp, same type as precediiig, typographed
on white laid paper, upper flap gummed and
tongued, lower ilap scalloped.

Size 150x86 mm.

328 20p yellow

329 25p ultramarine

1890.

Stamp, same type as adhesives of 1889 is¬
sue, typographed on white laid paper; flap
pointed and gummed.

1“ Size 150x85 mm.

330 2op yellow, (April)

331 25p ultramarine, “

2“ Size 153x120 mm.

332 2op yellow, (July)

333 25p ultramarine, ''

May 1st, 1891. •

Current Russian envelopes with four small
circles placed in the four corners outside the
design in the 10 x2ok and six small circles
placed three above and three below the
stamp in the 7 and r4k.

Watermarked zigzag lines close together.

Size 145 X 8imm.

334 7k blue, buff paper

335 lok blue, “

336 14k blue, “

337 20k blue, “

Size 145x121 mm.

338 7k blue, buff paper

339 lok blue, “

340 14k dark blue, blue paper

341 20k blue, “

WRAPPERS.

May rst, 1891.

Current Russian wrappers, with three
small circles placed ab.jve the stamp.

1“ Size 87x375mm.

401 ik orange, buff paper
2" Size 135x375mm.

402 2k green, buff paper
3'“ Size 180x445mm.

403 2k green, buff paper

® @ ®

.1

FINLAND.

203

RETURN RECEIPTS.

I. For ordinary letters.

October ist, 1871.

Stamp similar to adhesives of 1866-72
issue, typographed in color in upper left cor¬
ner; to the right of the stamp "Retour lie-
cepisse fiir Finland," below five dotted lines
for address, etc., and at the bottom two lines
of instructions. The inscriptions on the
recto are in Swedish and on the verso in Fin¬
nish; the left border of recto is gummed;
white wove paper, inscriptions in black.

Size 155x90 mm.

501 lop rose and black

Variety: Error, the stamp is printed on the
verso.

502 lop rose and black
1872.

Similar to preceding issue, but double hy¬
phen between Retour^Recepisse .

Size 155x90 mm.

503 lop brown violet and black

504 lop red brown and black

505 lop black brown and black

1875.

Similar to preceding issue, but single hy¬
phen between Retour — Recepisse and stamp,
same type as adhesive of 1875 issue, typo¬
graphed in upper right corner.

I" The first line of instructions begins
over the fourth letter of Afsandningsorten.
Size 155x90 mm.

506 lOp deep violet and black

2° The first line of instructions begins
over the second letter of Afsandningsorten.
Size 155x90 mm.

507 lop deep violet and black

508 lop brown violet and black
July 1st 1881 .

Stamp, similar to adhesives of 1875 issue,
typographed in color in upper right corner,
to the left of the stamp, Retour-Kort inotn
otherwise similar to preceding is¬
sues.

White wove paper.

Size 152x90 mm.

509 lop violet and black

510 lOp brown violet and black
January ist 1885.

Similar to preceding issue.

Size 152x90 mm.

51 r lop rose and black, yellowish white p

512 lop rose and black, bluish white paper

July 1890.

Similar to preceding issue, but stamp of
same type as adhesives of 1889 issue.

Size 152x90 mm.

513 lop rose and black, bluish white paper
II. For insured and registered letters.

July 1st 1881.

Stamp, similar to adhesives of 1875 issue,
typographed in color in upper right corner;
to the left of the stamp "Mottagningsbevis"
below instructions in Swedish; the inscrip¬
tions on the verso are in Finnish. White
wove paper.

Size 215x119 mm.

601 25p rose and black

1888,

Same as preceding, but stamp in different
color.

Size 215x119 mm.

602 25p blue and black

COUNTERFEITS.

There are several forgeries of the adhesives of the 1856 issue. They are lithographed, and although not
dangerous to the expert may deceive a beginner. The following points to be found in the genuine stamps
of both values, will be sufficient to distinguish them from the counterfeits:

1st. There are 26 vertical lines in the the shield.

2d. There are two diagonal lines of shading to the extreme right of the crown.

3d. The pearl between the crown and shield is placed over the loth vertical line of the shield, counted
from the left.

4th, The 4th pearl to the right of the cross is placed exactly over the point formed by the junction of
the last two diagonal lines in the right half of the crown.

The counterfeits of the 2d and 3rd issues of adhesives are rather poor, these stamps being too common
to have tempted the manufacturer of good imitations; we have, however, seen a pretty good forgery of the
error lOp red-brown, which is lithographed on tinted wove paper, perforated in serpentine with 8 inden¬
tations to two centimetres, the indentations being 2^ mm. in depth; the pearls in the oval are not as
close together as in the genuine; the four small Gieek ornaments to the right and left of the denomination of
value in upper and lower labels have the appearance of a ^ which is not the case in the genuine; the lion’s
tail almost touches the star in the upper right corner of the shield.

We come now to the counterfeits of the envelopes of the 1845 issue. They are lithographed either on
thick white diagonal laid paper or on thick wove paper, from pure white to yellowish white; the counter¬
feits of the lok are printed in red or black and are easily told by the following points: The upper right
corner of the shield is truncated, while in the counterfeits both upper corners are the same; in the genuine
there is a small white dot between the crown and the shield; there are 36 vertical lines in the shield of the
genuine and 39 in the forgery. The counterfeits of the 20k are also printed in red or black; there are 36 lines in
the shield of the genuine and 39 in the counterfeit; in the genuine four of the lines of the shield pass between
the mane and tall of the lion, the last of these lines touching the tail which is not so in the counterfeits; in
the counterfeits the sword held by the lion touches the upper border of the shield which it does not in the
genuine; the lion’s tail touches the central star to the right of the shield in the counterfeits.

Most of the counterfeits of the envelopes of the 1850-58 issue, 5 and lok, are of the same type as the
adhesives, that is to say, with small post-horn and are described above. We have seen counterfeits of the lok
without pearls in the post-horn. The principal feature of this forgery, which is sufficient to distinguish it
from the genuine, is the number of verticil lines in the shield which number 26 while in the counterfeit
there are 30.

There exists also a very good counterfeit of the 20k black; it is printed in dull black or in greenish black
on white vertically or diagonally laid paper; the impression is more blurred than in the genuine; the stars
in the shield are smaller and more indistinct, thereare 26 lines in the shield of the counterfeit instead of 25;
n the genuine the first line in the shield, counted from the right, passes through the center star while in
the counterfeit it passes to the right of the star, just touching one of the points.

FORMOSA.— FRANCE.

204

FORMOSA.

Currency : 1000 cash=i tael=$i.4o.
ADHESIVE STAMPS.

1887.

Typographed in red and black on yellowish
laid paper; only half of the stamp (the part
illustrated here), remained on the letter, the
other half being torn off by the authorities.
The inscription at top is in red and reads
Yu Cheng Shattg p’iao (Public Postage
Stamp). The central column is the date, the
right the weight, the left the denomination;
on the extreme left is the serial number and
value, part of this remaining on the counter¬
foil; all the inscriptions but the one at top
are in black; these stamps were not sold to
the’public, but affixed to the letters by the
clerks of the post-office.

Size 33x73 mm.

OFEICIAL

1887.

Type and impression similar to that of the
stamps of the regular issue of same date;
the inscription at top reads Tai wan yup'iao
(Formosa Postage Stamp); the remainder of

1888.

Lithographed on thin grayish wove paper
Size 30)^x32 mm.

Perforated 14.

2 20 cash red

3 20 cash green

These stamps were only used on letters'
mailed through the English Consulate and
are now obsolete.

STAMPS.

the inscriptions are the same as on the reg¬
ular stamps. Typographed on white wove
paper.

51 No value, red and black

Our illustration represents the Official
stamp.

FRANCE.

Currency;=ioo centimes=i franc=|o.I9 U. S. Currency.
ADHESIVE STAMPS.

January 1st, 1849.

Typographed on yellowish wove paper.
Size i8j^x22j^ mm.

1 20c black

2 ifr vermilion red

3 ifr Venetian red

4 ifr carmine

5 ifr rose carmine
Varieties: Tite Biche.

6 20c black

7 ifr carmine
Re-Issues.

1862.

8 20c black, white paper

9 1ft light carmine, yellowish paper
The exact date of the issue of the carmine

stamp is not known, except that it is between
January and December, 1849. The stamps
in vermilion and in Venetian red, were re-

FRANCE.

205

called on December ist, 1849, department
fearing that they might be confounded with
the new 40c stamps which were printed in
orange.

December 1849.

Same type, impression and paper as pre¬
ceding issue.

10 40c orange

11 40c dark orange

Varieties ; Gummed at top and bottom,
leaving the centre ungummed.

12 40c orange

13 40c dark orange

Re-Issue .

m2.

Yellowish paper.

Ih 40c orange
May 1850.

Same type as preceding issues, typographed
on tinted wove paper.

15 20c light blue on light bluish

Only very few of these stamps were used,
as the rate of postage was soon raised to 25
centimes, and the entire stock of 20c stamps
was surcharged 25c; it is still an open question
whether those that were used were sold at
20c or whether by mistake a few sheets be¬
came mixed up with the 25c stamps and sold
as such.

Re-Issue.

1SG2.-

Tinted wove paper.

IG 20c blue on light bluish

July 1st, 1850.

I. Provisional Issue.

Stamps of preceding issue, surcharged in
red “ 25c.”

17 25c light blue on light bluish, red sur¬
charge.

This stamp was prepared on account of the
fear of the Government that the printers
would not be ready with the new stamps in
time to supply all the Post offices; however,
this contingency not arising, and the new
stamps being ready for delivery to all the
post offices before July ist, the surcharged
stamps were never put into actual use.

II. Regular issue.

Same type, impression and paper as pre¬
ceding issues.

18 25c light blue on light bluish

19 25c dark blue “ “

Varieties: THe Beche.

20 25c light blue on light bluish

21 25c dark blue “ “

Re-Issue.

1802.

Tinted wove paper.

22 25c blue on light blue
July and September 1850.

Same type, impression and paper as pre¬
ceding issue.

23 IOC bistre on yellowish (End July)

24 15c green on greenish (September)

25 15c dark green on greenish
Varieties: Tete Beche.

26 IOC bistre on yellowish
Re-Issues.

1862.

Tinted wove paper.

21 10c yellow bistre on yellowish

28 15c green on greenish

August I2th, 1852.

Typographed on tinted wove paper. Size
18^x22 mm. Portrait of Napoleon, pres¬
ident of the French Republic.

29 IOC bistre on yellowish

30 25c blue on bluish
Re-Issues.

18G2.

Tinted wove paper.

SI 10c yellow bistre on yellowish
32 25c blue on bluish

The small capital “ B ” below the neck is
the initial of the engraver Barre.”

1853.

Same type as preceding issue but “Repub.
Franc.” replaced by “Empire Franc.”;
typographed on tinted wove paper.

33 IOC bistre on yellowish (August 17th)

34 IOC orange bistre on yellowish “

35 roc yellow on yellowish “

36 25c blue on bluish (Nov. 3d.)

37 40c orange red on yellowish (Sept. 3d)

38 ifr carmine on yellowish (Aug. 17th)
Variety: Tete Beche.

38a ifr carmine on yellowish
Re-Issues.

1SG2.

Tinted wove paper.

39 25c blue on bluish

40 1 fr carmine on yellowish
Variety: Tete Beche.

40a 1 fr carmine on yellowish.

The re-issues of this and the preceding issues
are brighter in color than the originals and
the gum is smoother and whiter.

They are still available for postage.
1854-60.

Same type as preceding issue, typographed
on tinted wove paper.

41 ic olive green on greenish blue
(March i, i860)

42 ic dark olive green on greenish blue
(March i, i860)

43 5c yellow green on greenish (Nov. 4,

1854)

44 5c deep green on greenish

45 20c light blue on bluish (July i, 1854)

46 20c blue on bluish

47 20c dark blue on bluish

48 20c blue on blue (1858)

49 80c carmine on yellowish (Oct. 1854)

50 80c rose “ (i860)

Varieties:

a. Error, printed on the paper of the 5
centimes.

51 20c blue on greenish (1855)

b. Tete Beche.

52 20c blue on bluish

53 80c carmine on yellowish

2o6

FRANCE.

1860-61.

Stamps of 1853-60 issues, perforated in
various ways, unofficially.

1“ Rouletted.

54 ic olive green on greenish blue

55 5c green on greenish

56 IOC bistre on yellowish

57 20c blue on bluish

58 40c orange on yellowish

59 80c rose on yellowish

2" Pin perforated.

60 IC olive green on greenish blue

61 5c green on greenish

62 IOC bistre on yellowish

63 20c blue on bluish

64 40C orange on yellowish

65 80c rose on yellowish

3“ Perforated 7 (Susse perforation)

66 IC olive green on greenish blue

67 5c green on greenish

68 IOC bistre on yellowish

69 20c blue on bluish

70 40c orange on yellowish

71 80c rose on yellowish

4" Saw tooth perforation.

72 5c green on greenish

73 20c blue on bluish

74 40c orange on yellowish

For interesting information about these
perforations, see: The Postage Stamps of
France, American Journal of Philately,
Vol. IV, No. 5.

1862.

Stamps of 1853-60 issues perforated offi¬
cially.

Perforated

75 ic olive green on greenish blue

76 5c green on greenish

77 IOC bistre on yellowish

78 20c blue on bluish

79 40c orange on yellowish

80 80c rose on yellowish

Varieties:

a. THe Biclie.

81 20c blue on bluish

82 80c rose on yellowish

b. Perforated horizontally, rouletted ver¬
tically.

83 20c blue on bluish

1863-68.

Typographed on tinted wove paper, two
types, one for the 2 and 4c the other for the
higher values. Size 18)4^x22)4^ mm.

Perforated 14x13)^-

84 2c red brown on yellowish (Jan. 1863)

85 4c gray on white “

86 IOC Iristre on yellowish (Nov. 15,1867)

87 20c blue on light bluish (April 4, 1867)

88 30c brown on yellowish “

89 40c orange on yellowish (1868)

90 80c rose on pinkish “

Varieties:

a. THe Beche

91 4c gray on white

b. Unperforated.

92 2c red brown on yellowish

93 4c gray on white

94 IOC bistre on yellowish

95 20c blue on light bluish

96 30c brown on yellowish

97 40c orange on yellowish

98 80c rose on pinkish

Major Evans and Moens chronicle this set
as existing rouletted and perforated 7, but
we must look upon both of these perforations
as fraudulent, for even if the unperforated
stamps, which we consider merely proofs,
had been issued accidently, it would require
a great stretch of the imagination to believe
that a sufficient quantity of sheets of these
were issued to have it made worth while to
perforate them at different times and places ;
in fact the existence of these unofficial per¬
forations strengthens our belief that the un¬
perforated are proofs.

1869.

Typographed on tinted wove paper. The
figures and letters denoting the value, having
been printed at a different time from the re¬
mainder of the stamp, are sometimes found
in a different color from the rest of the
impression. Size 38x22 mm.

Perforated 14x13)^.

99 5fr mauve on lavender

100 5fr mauve on lavender, 5 F in blue
1870.

Same type as issue of 1862, typographed
on tinted wove paper.

Perforated 14x13)^.

101 5c green on bluish

May 1870.

Same type as 2 and 4c stamps of issue of
January 1863, typographed on tinted wove
paper.

Perforated 14x13)^.

102 IC olive green on greenish blue

October 1870.

Same type as issues of 1849 1850

typographed on tinted wove paper.
Perforated 14x13)^.

103 IOC bistre on yellowish

104 20c pale blue on bluish

105 20c deep blue on bluish

106 40c orange on yellowish

107 40c pale orange on yellowish
Varieties:

a. Tete Beche.

108 IOC bistre on yellowish

109 20c blue on bluish

b. Rouletted vertically and perforated 13)4
horizontally.

no 20c blue on bluish

November 1870.

Lithographed on tinted wove paper; two
types, the i, 2 and 4c being of one type and
the higher values of the other; of the 20c
stamps there are three types:

1st type. The inscriptions in upper and
lower labels are small and there is quite a
space between the upper label and the circle
containing the head; there is also very little
shading under the eye and in the neck.

FRANCE

20‘j

2d type. The inscriptions in the labels are
similar to those of the first type, the shading
under the eye and in the neck is heavier and
the upper label and circle almost touch.

3d type. The inscriptions in the labels are
much larger than those of the two preceding
types, and are similar to those of the other
values of the same type in the set.

The first type is the scarcest.

Size 18x22 mm.

Paris being in a state of siege the seat of
the government was transferred to Bordeaux,
where the stamps were printed.

111 ic olive green on bluish

112 2c red brown on yellowish

Its 4c gray on white

1 14 5c green on greenish

115 IOC bistre on yellowish

1 16 20c blue on light bluish, type I

117 20c dark blue on light bluish “

1 18 20c blue on light bluish, type II

1 19 20c dark blue on light bluish “

120 20c ultramarine on light bluish"

121 20c blue on light bluish, t)'pe III

122 20c dark blue on light bluish "

123 20c ultramarine on light bluish ‘‘

124 30c brown on yellowish

125 40c yellow on yellowish

126 40c vermilion on yellowish

127 80c rose on pinkish

128 80c carmine on pinkish

Varielies:

a. As the head of the second type of the
20c stamp was also used for the 3d type, in
some instances it was not well inserted in
the cliches, forming a variety in which the
extremity of the bust is i mm. from the
pearled circle instead of close to it.

129 20c blue on light bluish, type III.

b. Perforated 14, unofficially.

130 IC olive green on bluish

131 2c red brown on yellowish

132 4c gray on white

133 5c green on greenish

134 IOC bistre on yellowish

135 20C blue on light bluish, type II

136 20c blue on light bluish, type III

137 20c blue on light bluish, type III,

variety

138 30c brown on yellowish

139 40c vermilion on yellowish

140 80c carmine on pinkish

c. Rouletted, unofficially.

141 IC olive green on bluish

142 2c red brown on yellowish

143 4c gray on white

144 5c green on greenish

145 IOC bistre on yellowish

146 20c blue on light bluish, type I

147 20c blue on light bluish, type II

148 20c blue on light bluish, type III

149 20c blue on light bluish, type III,

variety

150 30c brown on yellowish

151 40c yellow on yellowish

152 40c vermilion on yellowish

153 80c carmine on pinkish

d. Pin perforated, unofficially.

154 IC olive green on bluish

155 2c red brown on yellowish

156 IOC bistre on yellowish

157 20c blue on light bluish, type III

158 20c blue on light bluish, type III,

variety

159 30c brown on yellowish

160 40c vermilion on yellowish
e; Percd en arc, unofficially.

161 20c blue on light bluish, type III

162 20c blue on light bluish, type III,

variety

August 25th, 1871.

Same type as issue of October 1870, typo-
graphed on tinted wove paper.

Printed in Paris.

Perforated I4xi3'4*

163 15c pale bistre on yellowish

164 15c liistre on yellowish

165 25c pale blue on light bluish

166 25c blue on light bluish
Varieties: Tete Biche.

167 15c pale bistre on yellowish

168 15c bistre on yellowish

169 25c pale blue on light bluish

170 25c blue on light bluish
December 1871.

IOC stamps of 1867 issue (Napoleon III
laureated), surcharged in blue “ 10”.

Perforated 14x13^!^.

1 71 IOC bistre on yellowish, blue surcharge
This stamp, although prepared for issue,
was never put into actual use.

1872.

Typographed on tinted wove paper, two
types: the i, 2, 4 and 5c of one type, (like
IC of last issue) the 3oand 80c of the other.

Perforated 14x13)^.

172 IC olive green on bluish

173 2c fed brown on yellowish

174 4c gray on white

175 5c green on greenish

176 30c brown on yellowish

177 80c carmine on pinkish

178 80c rose on pinkish

Variety; Tete B^che.

179 4c gray on white

January 1873.

Same type as issue of October 1870, typo¬
graphed on tinted wove paper.

Perforated 14x13)4.

180 IOC bistre on rose
Variety: TSte Biche.

181 roc bistre on rose

1874-75.

Same type as 30 and 8oc of 1872 issue
(large figures of value), typographed on wove
paper.

2o8

Franck.

Perforated 14x13^.

182 IOC bistre on rose, (March 1875)

183 15c bis re on white, (1874)

Variety: Error caused by a cliche of the
15c being inserted in the plate of the loc
stamps.

184 15c bistre on rose (error)

1876.

Typographed on wove paper, tinted on the
surface; the names in the lower frame are :
the one to the left “J. A. Sage” the de¬
signer, and the one to the right “ E. Mon-
chon” the engraver. Size 18x22mm. There
are two types of these stamps, the principal
difference being in the relative position of
the letters of the microscopic inscription to
the left in the lower frame “ J. A. SAGE
INV. . . ” and the inscription in the lower
label “ REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE;” in
the first type the letter “N” of INV is placed
under the “B” of REPUBLIQUE while
in the second type it is placed under the Id¬
ler U of same word, there are, besides, small
differences in the figures of value.

Perforated 14x13^.

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

194

195

196

I” rsttype.

ic green on light greenish, (Feb.1877)
2c green “ “ (Sept. 1876)

4c green “ “ (Nov. 1876)

5c green “ “ (ii July 1876)

IOC green “ “ (Sept. 1876)

15c gray on grayish, (12 June 1876)
20C red brown on straw, (Oct. 1876)
25c ultramarine on bluish, (20 July

1876)

30c brown on yellowish, (ii July 1876)
75c carmine on light rose, (Oct. 1876)
ifr bronze green on straw, (15 Sept)
, 1876)

Varieties:

a. Unperforated vertically.

197 5c green on greenish

b. Unperforated.

198 15c gray on grayish

199 30c brown on yellowish

2“ 2d type.

199a 2c green on light greenish
199b 5c green “ “

199c IOC green “ “

iggd 15c green on grayish
igge 25c ultramarine on bluish
iggf 25c blue on bluish
iggg 30c brown on yellowish
iggh 75c rose on light rose
iggi ifr bronze green on straw

1877-80.

Same design impression, paper etc., as pre¬
ceding issue, but all of the second type.

Perforated 14x13)4.

200 ic black on blue, (June 1877)

201 IC black on light blue, (1880)

202 2c red brown on buff, (March 1877) _

203 3c yellow on straw, (June 1878)

204 4c claret on lavender, (Sept. 1877)

205 IOC black on lavender, (Jan. 1877)

206 15c blue on white, (June 1878)

207 20c dark blue on white

208 25c black on red, (25 Oct. '1878)

209 35c black on yellow, (June 1878)

210 40c vermilion on straw, (March 1878)

211 sfr lilac on lavender, (i June 1877)
The 20c blue was prepared for issue, but

not put into actual use on account of a change
in the postal rates; however they are available
for postage and some have been used.
Varieties :

a. Unperforated vertically.

212 2c red brown on buff

b. Unperforated.

213 3c yellow on straw

214 25c black on red

214a sfr lilac on lavender

1879-80.

Same type, impression and paper as pre¬
ceding issue.

Perforated 14x13)4.

215 3c gray on grayish (10 June 1880)

216 25c yellow on straw (Aug. 1879)
Varieties: Unperforated.

217 3c gray on grayish

218 25c yellow on straw

1884-86.

Same type, impression and paper as pre¬
ceding issue.

Perforated 14x13)4.

2ig 20c red on green, (Nov. 1884)

220 25c black on rose, (Apr, 1886)

1889.

Counterfeit used postally.

During this year a counterfeit of the 15c
stamp, made to defraud the government,
had a short existence, but was soon discovered
by the authorities.

Lithographed on white wove paper. Size

1 7^x21 X-

Perforated 13.

221 15c blue

This forgery is easily distinguished from
the genuine by its size and perforation;
another prominent difference is in the names
in the lower frame, which on the genuine are
placed between the lowest three lines and
in the counterfeit between the lowest two;
besides, these names are clear in the genuine
and indistinct in the forgery; the right foot
of Mercury has four toes, and the left foot of
Ceres none at all in the counterfeits.

1890.

Same type, impression and paper as pre¬
ceding issues.

Perforated I4xi3)4mm.

222 30c yellow brown on yellowish

223 50c rose on rose

224 75c black on yellow

NEWSPAPER STAMPS.

December 19th, 1868.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
25x36mm.

301 2cx(2c)blue

302 2C x (4c) rose

303 5c X (2c) blue

304 5c X (4c) rose

FRANCE.

209

Perforated 13.

305 2cx(2c)blue

306 2c X (4c) rose

307 5cx(2c)blue

308 5c X (4c) rose
Perforated 12.

309 2c X (2c) blue

310 2c X (4c) rose

It has often been questioned whether these
stamps were collectible, they being con¬
sidered by many as representing only a reve¬
nue tax on newspapers; this was the case
with the stamps in lilac, which were sold at
2 centimes and only paid the revenue tax on
the paper. The stamps in blue and in rose
were sold respectively at 2 and 4c over the

value indicated on the stamps, and the Post
Office Department carried newspapers on
which these stamps were affixed without any
additional postage; thus the 2c blue was sold
for 4 centimes and the 2C rose for 6 centimes,
the 2 and 4c additional representing the pos¬
tage according to the distance; these stamps
were affixed to the papers before they went
to press, as required by Imperial decree, and
were sold in quantities of not less than one
sheet of one hundred stamps. The stamps
of 5c blue and 5c rose have never been met
with cancelled; it is thus to be supposed that
they were prepared for issue but never went
into actual use. The 2C lilac was only used
as a fiscal stamp.

UNPAID LETTER STAMPS.

January ist, 1859.

Lithographed on white wove paper. Size
20x20 mm.

401 IOC black
June 1st, 1859.

Same type as preceding issue, typographed
on yellowish wove paper.

402 IOC black

January ist, 1863.

Same type and impression as preceding
issues.

1° White wove paper.

403 15c black

2° Yellowish wove paper,

404 15c black
Variety: Rouletted.

405 15c black
November 1870.

Same type as preceding issues, lithographed
on wove paper.

I" Bluish white paper.

406 15c black
Variety: Rouletted.

407 15c black

2“ White paper.

408 15c black
Varieties.

a. Rouletted.

409 15c black

b. Pin perforated.

410 15c black
August 25th, 1871.

Same type as preceding issues, lithographed
on white wove paper.

41 1 25c black

412 40c blue

413 40c ultramarine

414 60c yellow

Va?ieties: Rouletted.

415 25c black

416 40c blue

417 60c yellow

1877.

Same type as preceding issue, lithographed
on white wove paper.

418 20c black

This stamp never went into actual use.

1878.

Same type as preceding issue, lithographed
on white wove paper.

419 30c black

420 60c blue
Varieties: Pin Perforated.

421 30c black

422 60c blue

The 60c in black is only an essay and was
never intended for use.

June 1881 and October 1882.

Typographed on white wove paper. Size
i8x2IJ^ mm.

Perforated 14x13^^.

423 ic black

424 2c “

425 3C “

426 4c “

427 5c “

428 IOC “

429 15c “

430 20c “

431 30c “ (June 1881)

432 40c “

433 60c “

434 ifr “

435 2fr “

436 _ 5_fr “

Varieties: Unperforated.

437 ifr black

438 2fr “

439 Sfr “

1884.

Same type, impression and paper as pre¬
ceding issue.

Perforated 14x1314.

440 ifr brown

441 2fr “

442 5fr “

ENVELOPES.

1882.

Stamp, same type as adhesives of issue of
1876, typographed in upper right corner on
tinted wove paper.

1“ Size 111x75 mm.

Flap ungummed,

501 5c green on greenish (15 Nov.)

Varieties:

a. With a second stamp inverted in lower
left corner,

502 5x5c green on greenish

b. Without name of the designer in lower
left corner of frame.

503 5c green on greenish

210

FRANCE.

2“ Size 115x75 mm.

Flap gummed.

504 5c blue on bluish (ist Oct.)

3" Size 122x95 mm.

Flap gummed.

505 15c blue on bluish
4“ Size 145x112 mm.

Flap gummed.

506 15c blue on bluish
Variety: F'lap ungummed.

507 15c blue on bluish
July 1884.

Same type and impression as preceding is¬
sue. White wove paper, flap gummed.

Size 111x75 mm.

508 5c green

By ordering a certain quantity of envelopes
they could be obtained in various sizes and
papers of which the following are known to
exist.

1“ Size 111x75 mm.

509 15c blue on white wove

510 15c blue on yellow wove

2“ Size 120x95 mm.

511 15c blue on white laid

512 15c blue on rose wove

513 15c blue on greenish wove

514 15c blue on bluish wove
3° Size 124x96 mm.

515 15c blue on yellow wove

516 15c blue on white wove

4“ Size 142x83 mm.

517 15c blue on gray wove
5" Size 145x110 mm.

518 15c blue on white wove

519 150 blue on yellow wove

There is also a 15c envelope on white wove
paper, size 145x112 mm., the verso and part
of the recto covered with advertisements;
this envelope is surcharged 5 centimes, the
price at which they are sold, but as this is a
private enterprise and not official, they are
only worthy of passing notice.

WRAPPERS.

October ist, 1S82.

Stamp, same type as adhesives of 1876 is¬
sue, typographed to the right on buff paper.

Size 320x55 mm.

60 [ ic black

602 2c brown

March 15 th, 1883.

Same type, impression and paper as pre¬
ceding issue.

Size 320x55 mm.

603 3c red

The wrappers as well as the envelopes,
when ordered in certain quantities, could be
obtained in various sizes and papers, of which
the following are known :

I" Size 320x55 mm.

604 IC black on white wove

605 2c brown on “

606 3c red on “

607 ic black on bluish wove

608 2c brown on ' ‘

6og 3c red on “

2° Size 320x115 mm;

610 IC black on white wove

61 1 2C brown on “

612 3c red on “

613 IC black on brown wove

614 2c brown on “

615 3c red on “

PNEUMATIC ENVELOPES.

January 15th, 1885.

Stamp typographed in upper right corner,
violet wove paper.

Size 145x76 mm.

TUBES PNEUMATIQUES

OK.

TUBES PNEUMATlQUES-<i'^

<>■

- - - ^ ^

OK.

Reduced Size.

701 75c carmine

January 1887.

Provisional issue.

Envelopes of preceding issue with value of
stamp obliterated, and surcharged to the

1 r. r.i f • ui iTAXEREDUITE

left of the stamp m black

Reduced Size.

I" Value obliterated by 5 horizontal bars.

702 60c on 75c carmine and black

2® Value obliterated by 6 horizontal
bars.

703 60c on 75c carmine and black
1889.

Same type, paper and impression as pre¬
ceding issue, unsurcharged.

704 60c carmine